1,721,192 research outputs found
Smart City e Smart People: dalla realtà urbana alla realtà mista
Full text linkIl presente studio si pone come obiettivo la sperimentazione in ambienti urbani di una delle tecnologie che sta rivoluzionando il mercato tecnologico: la realtà virtuale (VR) e più genericamente delle tecnologie appartenenti al mondo della realtà estesa (XR), intesi come possibili strumenti a supporto della pianificazione, per affrontare le attuali sfide urbane.
La matrice culturale e l’ambito di applicazione di questo studio sono le smart city.
L’obiettivo è quello di migliorare la qualità della vita dei cittadini con il supporto delle più moderne tecnologie ICT, tenendo conto delle esigenze sociali, culturali, ambientali e fisiche di una società. La gestione e la visualizzazione dei dati e quindi delle informazioni, sono due elementi chiave nella pianificazione per il raggiungimento della smartness, una delle principali sfide per professionisti e pianificatori.
È esattamente da queste riflessioni che si può intendere come la XR e tutte le tecnologie da essa derivanti rappresentano uno dei potenziali strumenti per raffigurare ed enfatizzare il valore delle informazioni all’interno di una città intelligente, aiutando non solo i tecnici di settore, ma supportando i cittadini nella comprensione delle politiche pianificatorie, soprattutto nelle fasi iniziali della progettazione.
Inoltre, sarà brevemente descritta la sperimentazione eseguita nella Circoscrizione 2 della Città di Torino
Visibility analysis in urban spaces: a raster-based approach and case studies
Full text linkIn this paper a method for the estimation of the visual impact of buildings with symbolic relevance, such as skyscrapers that are out of scale with their surrounding urban space, is discussed and applied. It is based on the viewshed analysis as developed in rural landscape studies, but it also takes into account the peculiarity emerging from the urban studies. In order to go beyond the sole information of whether a cell is, or is not, visible, which is typical of viewshed analyses, in this work the various factors that cause the visual attenuation with the distance are discussed and quantitatively assessed by determining various limit-of-visibility distances that may also be time variable. These factors are the visual acuity, the contrast between the target and its surroundings, the atmospheric visibility, and the recognition process of the subject. An application of this methodology is carried out on various case study buildings in the city of Turin, Italy (an ancient building, an urban landmark, the Mole, and a skyscraper under construction). From the visibility maps, under various conditions, it can be seen that the new skyscraper will be a major landmark not only for the entire city, but also for the surrounding municipalitie
Pressure of tourism on heritage and technologies for an inclusive society
Full text linkThe heritage enhancement contains in itself a contradiction that seems irreconcilable: on one side they have to broaden its accessibility, on the other they have to limit damages caused by tourism. An elitist tourism cannot constitute the solution, but alternative types of fruition could in part come in aid, thanks to ICT and georeference. Nowadays, technologies not only are directed to replace the real experience, or to enhance it, but even to simulate it by entering parameters of physical reality. Therefore, in this field they are developing "virtual tourism" projects, that will lead to a wide accessibility of cultural heritage, in view of a true "inclusive society" able to reach even the weaker segments of the population - in the same time, the indiscriminate use of heritage could be reduced. The natural evolution of these projects may even involve the landscape, urban and architectural design (e.g. the transport planning, or innovative infrastructures). This kind of approach, that requires and combines humanities and technical skills, aims to make available and accessible not only the historical, architectural and artistic heritage in itself, but also intended as syste
Visibility maps of Turin
No full textThe article presents a simple but accurate method for generating visibility maps based on the above criteria and demonstrate its effectiveness for a newly erected skyscraper in Turin, Italy. Visibility can be indicated from parameters that describe the atmospheric conditions, but it is more feasible to use sight distances registered over time by weather stations. The sight distances should preferably be collected hourly, and such high-frequency observations can be obtained from international databases. If one of the four corner points is visible, then the building is indicated as visible. Using geometric computations and visual acuity, the length of the line of sight appeared to be 218km. Subsequently, visibility constraints were introduced based on atmospheric conditions. The method allows it to be determined at design stage how the (psychological) perception of places in an urban landscape will change when new buildings are erected or existing buildings are demolished. This provides valuable information for architects and city planner
Geomatics and Virtual tourism
Full text linkThe most recent technological revolution, concerning web and "ICT", not only changed individual and collective behaviors, but also allowed experiences no possible before: a real time communication, regardless of the distances; an extended access to disjointed data and sources; the shift in different realities - missing or entirely imaginary. Nowadays, we can think about a new concept of museum, much more inclusive than "objects container": now the museum involves entire countries, entire ecosystems, entire regions. We can speak of "museum outside of the museum", to extend museum "storytelling" to a regional scale, beyond the walls of the traditional museum. On a regional scale experiments entirely convincing have not yet been carried out, but from this point of view cultural lands can be visited as great open air museums, to find objects, artworks or signs: the whole land is a "collection" to be preserved, to be presented and to be interpreted. Thus the visit allows to elicit outstanding objects, to read into landscapes with different filters. Both the physical and virtual visit seem to be a "tour" (Minucciani and Garnero, 2013). To create a virtual tourism prototypal station, we need several and unconventional geometrical data (shared geographic databases, DTMs, digital orthoimages and angle shots, modeling with spherical cameras, ...), thematic data (related to cultural content) and no conventional input units to move and to observe how and where the observer prefers. Authors report here their experience to carry out a prototypal station, able to relate geomatics references to cultural content and to offer a whole experience, involving users also from the sensory point of view. That's nowadays a specific purpose of new technologies applied to cultural heritage
The territorial and landscape impacts of photovoltaic systems: Definition of impacts and assessment of the glare risk
No full textThe installation and operation of systems that exploit solar energy through photovoltaic conversion, recently promoted in some European countries by new sell-back tariffs, is a relevant transformation of the territory for various reasons (land use, elimination of the existing vegetation, visual impact on the components of the landscape, microclimate change, glare from the reflection of the direct sunlight). The weak energy intensity of the solar source coupled with the low conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cells, make the physical dimensions of such systems relevant and, with them, also the environmental, territorial and landscape impacts that basically depend on the physical extent of the system. If it is well known that an incentive to the exploitation of renewable sources is one of the features of the policy of land conservation, including the one of the protected areas, at the same time the concerns of local communities and governments about the environmental, territorial and landscape impacts of this technology are increasing rapidly. Given this picture, this work is intended to clarify the territorial impacts of the ground mounted photovoltaic systems. Later, the paper concentrates on a specific impact, which is the assessment of the risk of glare by reflection of direct sunlight from the surfaces of photovoltaic modules. The methodologies that can be used to assess this impact and the outcomes of an evaluation carried out for a 5000 m2 PV system currently designed on a hilly territory in Italy are presente
Viewpoints and visibility analysis: a case study on the UNESCO site of Langhe-Roero and Monferrato (Piemonte Region)
No full textThe present work is based on the coupling between the visibility analysis based on viewsheds/cumulative viewsheds (binary maps) and the study conducted at a regional level that identifies points that can be considered and that should be preserved.
Visual landscape assessment methods can now exploit the resources that public administrations shares within the open data normative requirements. This implies a further valorisation of the investments done though the creation and update of geographical data.
The scope of this work is not to obtain a static map, but to set out an interactive tool that, based on visibility analyses, can be used to measure the landscape sensitivity of sites. The area named “Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato ", listed as the 50th Italian site in the World Heritage UNESCO list, was identified as a case study, since it is a cultural landscape of exceptional and universal value.
The information provided by this application may be used into the regulatory framework for all the authorization process of new developments in preserved areas.
The objective is to provide technicians and local administrators tools based on objective data for the conservation, preservation and valorization of the landscape on one side, and for the development of economic activities that can promote a sustainable development of such peculiar locations
The assessment of the visual perception in viewshed analysis for the landscape settings
Full text linkVisibility studies for rural and forest landscape are well established and conducted by means of standard GIS tools that compute the viewshed (a binary representation of the visibility of a location from a certain viewpoint) and cumulative viewsheds (integer representations of the visibility of a location from more viewpoints obtained with raster algebra). However, in order to go beyond the sole geometric information if a cell is visible or not, some authors have introduced various concepts that are based on the visual magnitude or visual exposure. These concepts also take into account the target magnitude, the atmospheric extinction, the colour difference to the background and the visual acuity. These calculations may be complex, extremely time consuming and not affordable with standard GIS tools, because they require specific programming tools. Besides, depending on the application, the factor that affects the visibility may be the distance, the atmospheric extinction, the contrast, etc. In this work, we concentrate on the problem of the calculation of the landscape sensitivity, which defines the degree to which a given landscape is potentially affected by possible changes by means of viewsheds analyses. An example in rural settings is presented in order to demonstrate the problems that arise in real applications and the possible solution
Visual impact in the urban environment. The case of out-of-scale buildings
Full text linkRecently, there has been an increasing need to apply methods for the estimation of the visual impact of buildings that are out-of-scale on its surrounding urban space, such as skyscrapers. In this paper, a method developed by the authors for the visual impact of buildings based on the viewshed analysis is applied to the out-of-scale buildings of the city of Turin. The method goes beyond the sole information if a cell is visible or not, which is typical of viewshed analyses, and also takes into account the various factors that cause the visual attenuation with the distance such as the visual acuity, the contrast between the target and the surrounding, the atmospheric visibility and the recognition proce ss of the subject. The application of this methodology is done on two out-of scale buildings of the city of Turin - Italy (two skyscrapers, one of which is under construction, located in different areas of the city). From the visibility maps, in various conditions, it can be noted how the new buildings are or will recently be major landmarks not for the entire city but also for the surrounding municipalitie
recupero di riprese fotogrammetriche storiche per l'analisi e la pianificazione territoriale: il caso studio della Val Grande
Full text linkNell'ambito dell'attività di ricerca sull'analisi e la rappresentazione diacronica delle modificazioni dei paesaggi del Parco Nazionale della Val Grande (Piemonte), è emersa la necessità di servirsi di basi informative storiche per comprendere le dinamiche di trasformazione territoriale. Nel caso specifico, fra le diverse dimensioni del paesaggio sottoposte a questa lettura, si è affrontata l'analisi delle modifiche della copertura vegetale e degli insediamenti all'interno di specifiche aree di studio dentro e fuori l'area protetta. La carenza di basi cartografiche nei periodi necessari ha consigliato l'utilizzo di riprese fotogrammetriche che, a partire dalla storica ripresa degli anni 1954-56 nota come "Volo GAI", attraverso le varie coperture poste in essere dalla Regione Piemonte per i primi atti pianificatori a partire dagli anni '70 del secolo scorso, giunge alla moderna ripresa fotogrammetrica realizzata nel 2010 con apparati digitali (camera fotogrammetrica + LiDAR). Gli elaborati prodotti sono implementati all'interno di un sistema informativo che consente agli operatori di estrarre le informazioni richiest
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