171,427 research outputs found

    AMČR - projekt C-202304307

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    Stav: 6Podnět: Vernéřov - Výrobní skladovací hala "GARBE

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply

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    Ophthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219. Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes. Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E. SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. Abstract PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes. DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia. METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively). CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK. Comment in Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8

    A Generalization of the Regular Maps of Type {4, 4}<sub>b, c</sub> and {3, 6}<sub>b, c</sub>

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    In [1], Coxeter gave a complete enumeration of the regular maps on a torus. The maps consist of two families of type {4, 4}b, c and {3, 6}b, c (and their duals). b and c are non-negative integers, which determine the maps uniquely. The maps are irreflexible if and only if bc(b - c) ≠ 0.On surfaces of genus h &gt; 1, irreflexible regular maps are rather exceptional. The simplest surface of negative characteristic which admits irreflexible regular maps is the orientable surface of genus 7. This was shown by the author [4, Theorem 3. 1 ]. The corresponding map was discovered by J. R. Edmonds [2, p. 388].</jats:p

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Annual- to interannual temperature variability in the Caribbean during the Maunder Sunspot minimum

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    We reconstruct Caribbean seawater temperatures from sclerosponge Sr/Ca ratios using a specimen of Ceratoporella nicholsoni that grew at 20 m below sea level in a reef cave at Jamaica. We sample the time interval from 1620 to 1745 A.D. with almost monthly resolution. This interval includes the Maunder sunspot minimum, one of the coldest periods of the Little Ice Age. Reconstructed annual temperature amplitudes are on the order of about 1°C. The mean growth rate calculated from the annual Sr/Ca variations corresponds perfectly with U-Th-based growth rates. We find that the interannual climate variability is determined by El Niño–Southern Oscillation and by a decadal signal, most likely originating from the tropical North Atlantic. On a multidecadal timescale the Maunder Minimum is characterized by a 1°–2°C cooling and reduced amplitudes of the interannual and decadal temperature variations

    The Complexity of the Hamilton Cycle Problem in Hypergraphs of High Minimum Codegree

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    We consider the complexity of the Hamilton cycle decision problem when restricted to k-uniform hypergraphs H of high minimum codegree delta(H). We show that for tight Hamilton cycles this problem is NP-hard even when restricted to k-uniform hypergraphs H with delta(H) >= n/2 - C, where n is the order of H and C is a constant which depends only on k. This answers a question raised by Karpinski, Rucinski and Szymanska. Additionally we give a polynomial-time algorithm which, for a sufficiently small constant epsilon > 0, determines whether or not a 4-uniform hypergraph H on n vertices with delta(H) >= n/2 - epsilon * n contains a Hamilton 2-cycle. This demonstrates that some looser Hamilton cycles exhibit interestingly different behaviour compared to tight Hamilton cycles. A key part of the proof is a precise characterisation of all 4-uniform hypergraphs H on n vertices with delta(H) >= n/2 - epsilon * n which do not contain a Hamilton 2-cycle; this may be of independent interest. As an additional corollary of this characterisation, we obtain an exact Dirac-type bound for the existence of a Hamilton 2-cycle in a large 4-uniform hypergraph

    A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams

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    We create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
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