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[The John D. Gann House]
No full textPhotograph of the John D. Gann House in Angelina County, Texas. The house is a double log cabin built of interlocking hewn pine log
Balancing work: Bidding strategies and workload dynamics in a project-based professional service organisation: System Dynamics Review
No full textProject-based professional service organisations supply tailored, one-off projects to individual clients. Specific types of client relationships and the non-routine, creative nature of work combine to make management of these businesses particularly demanding. A common challenge is managing resources across a fluctuating workload. It is usually assumed that external dynamics dictate workload and the scope to manage resources. Firms often accept these conditions believing that there is little they can do to moderate fluctuations. This paper examines the internal causes of workload fluctuation showing that approaches to acquiring work can create significant future problems. A system dynamics model is developed to explore resource deployment and the interaction between business and project processes. We find that it is possible to make a significant difference to workload fluctuations and resourcing if internal factors are considered and managed. The paper concludes by showing that a bidding strategy using staff not currently engaged in project work is superior to having a dedicated work acquisition department as long as the project pipeline and resource requirements are properly considered. In some circumstances, firms are better to do nothing, leaving staff idle, than to bid for and win new work. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Schoolhouse, SE of Gann Valley, Buffalo County
No full text4 x 6 photograph, one-story schoolhouse with an enclosed entrance with a hip roof, no windows on the side and a hip roof with a chimneyH2010-041 Elevators School Houses Courthouses Vernell Johnson Coll. Box 3 SD Country School Houses[stamp] No. 5A 749 [photographer stamp] Photo By: Vernell Johnson, S. D. 8 miles SE of Gann Valley, S. D. Buffalo Count
Courthouse, 112 Osman Ave., Gann Valley, Buffalo County
No full text4 x 6 photograph, one-story brick modern style courthouse without windows, an entrance in the center and a flat roofH2010-041 Elevators School Houses Courthouses Vernell Johnson Coll. Box 3 SD SD Courthouses From 66 Counties[stamp] No. 6A 749 [photographer stamp] Photo By: Vernell Johnson, S. D. Buffalo Co. Courthouse Gann Valley, S. D
Looking for a Friend, Main Street, Gann Valley SD, Buffalo County
No full text3 x 5 postcard, man superimposed on an earlier image, he is bent over, looking towards the ground through a magnifying glass, the background image has two horse-drawn carriages and a motorized vehicle parked in front of numerous multi-story buildings along a wide dirt road, the nearest building is a one-story wood building, text on the side of the building reads "Dye and Hill The Premier real estate dealers", a sign extending from the building reads "Bank of Buffalo County"Towns Fort Pierre - Gary P15 Tab G Gann Valley, SD P15 [stamp] Property of: South Dakota State Historical Society Pierre, South Dakota [stamp] Give photo credit to: South Dakota State Historical Society.Gann Valley, South Dakota Looking for a Friend.Looking for a Friend Main St. Gann Valley, S. D
Markets for technology
No full textFirms typically try to profit from their technological innovations by selling them embedded in new processes, goods and services. Less frequently, innovators rely on the market for technology for the exploitation of their technologies or for outsourcing technologies developed by third parties. Traditionally, external sources of knowledge were considered an important option for small and medium firms, as they could not rely on in-house R&D laboratories. Also, small firms are typically more willing to offer their technology on the markets for technology because they lack the downstream complementary assets needed to reach the market for products. However, more recently large firms have also opened their innovative activities to external sources of knowledge and complementary assets (see chapter by Dahlander and Alexy). As a result, markets for technology are becoming larger and more diffused, although their future growth depends on a more substantial involvement of large firms, many of which remain still reluctant to rely on technology trade.
Markets for technology do not always imply substantial transfer of knowledge. License agreements often result from litigation for the control of IPRs. This is the case of owners of large patent portfolios who sign cross-licensing agreements that give the parties the freedom to operate in their respective technological and market fields rather than allowing access to outside technology. Litigation sometimes is initiated by patent trolls, namely organizations whose main aim is to accumulate patent portfolios and force potential infringers to licensing-in their technology. Probably, these IPR agreements too do not imply any real technology transfer between the parties. Typically, large firms seek to quickly settle out of court a dispute with patent trolls or small patent owners to avoid the risk of an injunction to stop alleged patent infringement.
These various avenues leading to licensing and other forms of technology transactions are characterized by different actors, incentives, costs and benefits of which innovation managers should be aware.
After providing a definition of technology markets, this chapter highlights the importance of technology markets for innovation management. It illustrates the motivations for licensing both from the supply side and the demand side of the market, and discusses the barriers to technology trade
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
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