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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
An econometric analysis of growth performance and adjustment under policies inspired by the IMF in the Pacific Island economies : a thesis presented to Massey University in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Institute of Development Studies
No full textThis study, utilising a region-country-specific approach, examines the experience of four Pacific island economies (Fiji, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Western Samoa) under policies inspired by the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) during 1980-92. To achieve this, the study examines the nature and the causes of economic crises in these countries and IMF's policy response. An empirical analysis of this study starts with a formulation of a growth model within the new endogenous theory of growth, examining the significance of a range of factors thought to have influenced growth performance. The theoretical arguments of IMF-inspired policies and an empirical analysis testing the arguments are also examined. The central concern is how far IMF-inspired macro policies produced desired objectives. This is investigated through an econometric analysis of the relationship between the objective variables of sustained growth, a viable balance of payments and low inflation, and a number of its instrumental tools, and examines the contribution of IMF-inspired policies on the socio-economic development of these countries. The results show the economic crises during 1980-92 were a product of a combination of internal economic and non-economic and external factors causing sluggish growth, large deficits in current account, deteriorating balance of trade and inflationary pressures. The investigation of the crises revealed that some factors were common in all four countries while others were country specific. Empirical results show high inflation, low levels of outward orientation, high government consumption, exchange rate variability and vulnerability to the vagaries of natural disasters and the international economic environment adversely affected growth performance. Empirical results provide weak evidence of political instability adversely affecting economic growth while investments in human and physical capital did not contribute to growth. In evaluating IMF-inspired policies, the developing South Pacific country case studies indicate that such policies have satisfactorily shown most of the desired effects of policy variables on the stated macroeconomic objective of a viable balance of payments in all four countries. However, while some effects of the policy changes on the objective variable are as expected and desirable, their impacts are insignificant in most cases. The growth objective was most effectively met in Western Samoa, balance of payments in Fiji and price stability in PNG. The theoretical arguments of the study also reveal that IMF-inspired policies have been rigid, inclined to the monetary approach to the balance of payments, but generally failed to take into account the preferences of people in a country and the impact on them. This analysis largely complements this theoretical contention, revealing slowing and sometimes reversing progress in incomes, real wages, food prices, employment creation, provision of health services and nutrition levels, and showing that IMF-inspired policies did not make a significant contribution towards enhancing the standard of living. The study concludes that solving the development problem of South Pacific countries requires more than simply targeting macroeconomic variables. IMF-inspired policies that take into account the macroeconomic as well as socio-economic variables are a first step in enhancing the growth and development of the developing countries in the South Pacific and providing long-term betterment for the people
Economic growth in Papua New Guinea: some empirical evidence
No full textThis article presents econometric results of economic growth in Papua New Guinea on the basis of annual time-series data covering the period 1970?92. The results do not show any statistically significant evidence of investments in physical and human capital contributing to economic growth. Exports and stable exchange rates have positively contributed to economic growth, while high inflation and high government consumption have, statistically, significantly depressed economic growth. There is weak evidence of the external economic environment and social and political instability having adverse effects on economic growth
Economic aspects of migration from Fiji to New Zealand
No full textThe objective of this dissertation is to estimate an economic model of emigration from a middle income country, Fiji, to a high income country, New Zealand. Using panel data for the years 1987 to 1990 and time-series data for the years 1965 to 1990, this research develops two models and focuses on permanent and long-term migration. The thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the study. Chapter 2 is devoted to a discussion of migration in an international context. Chapter 3 presents an outline of migration to New Zealand in general and describes New Zealand immigration policy. The chapter also discusses migration from Fiji to New Zealand. Models of migration are described in chapter 4. Chapter 5 discusses the empirical findings in the context of the hypothesised models. A summary of conclusions of this study and ideas on future research are presented in chapter 6. Overall, the results indicate that economic factors as well as political and social factors are important determinants of migration
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Factors influencing trade between Fiji and its Asian partners
No full textThis study provides an assessment of Fiji's 'Look North Trade Policy' in the post 2000 period and examines the factors that influence its long-term trade with Asia. The gravity model results suggest that imports by Asian countries are influenced by the size of their population, their infrastructure, and the distance from Fiji. The results also indicate that Fiji's exports to Asia are significantly influenced by Fiji's infrastructure, the distance to markets, and the real exchange rate
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