1,720,955 research outputs found
An appraisal of QR code use to deliver bus arrival time information at bus stops in Southampton
No full textThe provision of at-stop bus arrival time information has numerous potential benefits to bus users. With real-time passenger information well established in the UK the challenge is relaying accurate bus arrival times to passengers in a cost effective manner. Display screens are costly to install and maintain, rendering placement at all bus stops economically undesirable. QR codes represent an inexpensive alternative to delivering this information, usually at zero marginal cost to users.QR codes linking to a webpage displaying the arrival times of the next nine buses servicing a given stop were placed in the display cases of 44 bus stops in six distinct areas of Southampton. Scanning the QR code using a smartphone linked automatically to bus arrival information, the majority of which was in real-time. Arrival data was skimmed from the ROMANSE Traffic Control Centre website andadapted for convenient, smartphone friendly display.The project was split into two broad areas of investigation; QR code uptake and the effects of QR code use. QR code uptake examined usage trends over the project life and variations in usage by time of day, day of the week, stop location, stop characteristics and whether system explanation and promotion was displayed. Users had the option of obtaining the same information through typing the URL into a mobile browser rather that scanning the QR code, the use of which was also explored. The results of this section are anticipated to be useful for information providers in allocating resources, detailing where, when and under what circumstances there was greatest demand for QR code provision. The necessary data such as the time, date and location of scans was collected automatically over the life of the project.The second area investigated possible positive psychological factors, adjusted travel behaviour, effects on patronage, perceived information accuracy and easy of system use. Data was collected through the use of a smartphone friendly survey optionally completed by system users and a face to face survey conducted at trial bus stops.Results saw a trend of increasing use over the life of the project but remarkably little variation in use by the day of the week or between peak and inter-peak times. Virtually all users scanned the QR code rather than typing the URL. Surprisingly neither the stop having a shelter or display screen had a significant effect on usage, nor did promotion and explanation of the trial. There was however substantial variation in use by geographical area.Survey results were encouraging with the vast majority of users finding the system easy to use, although a significantly higher proportion of older users found it more challenging. QR code use increased wait time acceptability for over two thirds of respondents and over a third felt safer. Potential patronage increases were also very positive, however results should be treated with caution. Adjustments to users’ travel behaviour were present although limited and perceived system accuracy was considered acceptable. The study concluded that given the low cost of implementation and the clear current, and potentially greater future benefits, the system should be employed wherever mobile internet connection and real-time information render it viable
Delivering bus arrival information at stops via QR codes – A case study of user take–up and reaction in Southampton, UK
No full textReal-time passenger information systems for bus users are now common place with bus stops in major UK cities equipped with arrival countdown displays and several apps now providing similar information direct to the Smartphone. Real-time displays at stops are expensive to install and given the current rate of Smartphone take-up, there could be benefits from using Quick Response (QR) codes linking to adapted, mobile friendly, webpages displaying arrival times of buses. This paper reports on a QR code implementation trial on 44 bus stops in six distinct areas of Southampton, UK.Each bus stop was fitted with a poster containing a unique QR code, linking to a website giving live bus arrival information taken from the Southampton traffic control centre. Two types of poster were developed (simplistic with minimal text, and a more comprehensive one) to understand what level of instruction was necessary for QR code use. The number of hits at each stop were monitored via the website and surveys of users through an on-line questionnaire (accessed via the QR code) and face-to-face interviews.The results suggested that there was very little variation in the use of QR codes at stops by day of the week or between peak and inter-peak times but there were variations by geographical area. QR code use improved wait time acceptability and feelings of safety and well-being with the vast majority of users finding the system easy to use.<br/
Delivering bus arrival information at stops via quick response codes: case study of user take-up and reaction in Southampton, United Kingdom
No full textReal-time passenger information systems for bus users are now common place with bus stops in major UK cities equipped with arrival countdown displays and several apps now providing similar information direct to the Smartphone. Real-time displays at stops are expensive to install and given the current rate of smartphone take up, there could be benefits from using Quick Response (QR) codes linking to adapted, mobile friendly, webpages displaying arrival times of buses. This paper reports on a QR code implementation trial on 44 bus stops in six distinct areas of Southampton, UK. Each bus stop was fitted with a poster containing a unique QR code, linking to a website giving live bus arrival information taken from the Southampton traffic control centre. Two types of poster were developed (simplistic with minimal text and a more comprehensive one) to understand what level of instruction was necessary for QR code use. The number of hits at each stop were monitored via the website and surveys of users were undertaken through an on-line questionnaire (accessed via the QR code) and face-to-face interviews.The results suggested that there was very little variation in use of QR codes at stops by day of the week or between peak and inter-peak times but there were variations by geographical area. QR code use improved wait time acceptability and feelings of safety and well-being with the vast majority of users finding the system easy to use<br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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