1,721,064 research outputs found
Source, transport et enfouissement du carbone organique lors de l'érosion continentale : l'exemple du système himalayen
No full textIn the Ganga-Brahmaputra system, TOC linearly increases with the relative proportion of philosilicates and fine grain minerals. The proportion of fossil Corg in the suspended and bed sediments is respectively ~ 20 % and > 50 % of the TOC. During the Gangetic floodplain transit, more than 50 % of recent Corg derived from the Himalaya is oxidised and is replaced by Corg derived from the floodplain. The Corg loadings of river and recent Bengal Fan sediments are comparable. Biomarker abundance and ð13C show that Corg is dominated by terrestrial inputs. Consequently, the terrestrial Corg burial efficiency must be around 100 %. In the Himalayan basin, we estimate the burial fluxes or recent and fossil Corg to be respectively 3.1 + - 0.3 × 1011 mol/yr and 0.9 + - 0.4 × 1011 mol/yr. Corg burial therefore account for ~ 80 % of atmospheric CO2 consumption generated by Himalayan erosion. Efficient burial of Corg is likely a characteristic of high physical erosion typical of active orogenic systemsLe TOC des sédiments du système Gange-Brahmapoutre croît linéairement avec la proportion de phylosilicates et de particules fines. La proportion de Corg fossile est ~ 20 % dans les MES et > 50 % dans les sédiments de fond. Plus de 50 % du Corg dérivé de l'Himalaya est oxydé et remplacé lors du transport dans la plaine du Gange. La charge en Corg est similaire dans les sédiments du Cône et dans les sédiments de rivière. L'abondance et le d13C des biomarqueurs indique que le Corg est dominé par les apports terrigènes. Par conséquent, l'efficacité d'enfouissement du Corg terrigène est proche de 100 %. Dans le système himalayen, nous estimons les flux d'enfouissement de Corg récent et fossile à respectivement 3.1 + - 0.3 × 1011 mol/an et 0.9 + - 0.4 × 1011 mol/an. L'enfouissement de Corg représente donc ~ 80 % de la consommation de CO2 engendrée par l'érosion de l'Himalaya. De manière générale, les orogènes actifs se caractérisent probablement par un enfouissement efficace de Cor
Source, transport and burial of organic carbon during continental erosion : insights from the hymalayan system
No full textLe TOC des sédiments du système Gange-Brahmapoutre croît linéairement avec la proportion de phylosilicates et de particules fines. La proportion de Corg fossile est ~ 20 % dans les MES et > 50 % dans les sédiments de fond. Plus de 50 % du Corg dérivé de l'Himalaya est oxydé et remplacé lors du transport dans la plaine du Gange. La charge en Corg est similaire dans les sédiments du Cône et dans les sédiments de rivière. L'abondance et le d13C des biomarqueurs indique que le Corg est dominé par les apports terrigènes. Par conséquent, l'efficacité d'enfouissement du Corg terrigène est proche de 100 %. Dans le système himalayen, nous estimons les flux d'enfouissement de Corg récent et fossile à respectivement 3.1±0.3 × 1011 mol/an et 0.9±0.4 × 1011 mol/an. L'enfouissement de Corg représente donc ~ 80 % de la consommation de CO2 engendrée par l'érosion de l'Himalaya. De manière générale, les orogènes actifs se caractérisent probablement par un enfouissement efficace de CorgIn the Ganga-Brahmaputra system, TOC linearly increases with the relative proportion of philosilicates and fine grain minerals. The proportion of fossil Corg in the suspended and bed sediments is respectively ~ 20 % and > 50 % of the TOC. During the Gangetic floodplain transit, more than 50 % of recent Corg derived from the Himalaya is oxidised and is replaced by Corg derived from the floodplain. The Corg loadings of river and recent Bengal Fan sediments are comparable. Biomarker abundance and ð13C show that Corg is dominated by terrestrial inputs. Consequently, the terrestrial Corg burial efficiency must be around 100 %. In the Himalayan basin, we estimate the burial fluxes or recent and fossil Corg to be respectively 3.1±0.3 × 1011 mol/yr and 0.9±0.4 × 1011 mol/yr. Corg burial therefore account for ~ 80 % of atmospheric CO2 consumption generated by Himalayan erosion. Efficient burial of Corg is likely a characteristic of high physical erosion typical of active orogenic system
Ramped pyrolysis oxidation and related 14C data sets of particulate phase created by incubating permafrost soils in sea water
No full textThe data was obtained by performing ramped pyrolysis and oxidation with 14C analysis of the emitted CO2 gases using the sedimentary residue of incubated permafrost soil (Yedoma) in seawater. The related data sets of the incubation experiment and experiment description can be found at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.956711 and bacterial data at https://github.com/matthiaswietz/yedoma-bacteria. The ramped pyrolysis and oxidation setup is described in Hemingway et al. (2017a) and thermogram data conversion in E,p space is described in Hemingway et al. (2017b). Radiocarbon analysis was performed following Mollenhauer et al. (2021)
Direct measurement of riverine particulate organic carbon age structure
Full text linkAuthor Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2012. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 39 (2012): L19703, doi:10.1029/2012GL052883.Carbon cycling studies focusing on transport and transformation of terrigenous carbon sources toward marine sedimentary sinks necessitate separation of particulate organic carbon (OC) derived from many different sources and integrated by river systems. Much progress has been made on isolating and characterizing young biologically-formed OC that is still chemically intact, however quantification and characterization of old, refractory rock-bound OC has remained troublesome. Quantification of both endmembers of riverine OC is important to constrain exchanges linking biologic and geologic carbon cycles and regulating atmospheric CO2 and O2. Here, we constrain petrogenic OC proportions in suspended sediment from the headwaters of the Ganges River in Nepal through direct measurement using ramped pyrolysis radiocarbon analysis. The unique results apportion the biospheric and petrogenic fractions of bulk particulate OC and characterize biospheric OC residence time. Compared to the same treatment of POC from the lower Mississippi-Atchafalaya River system, contrast in age spectra of the Ganges tributary samples illustrates the difference between small mountainous river systems and large integrative ones in terms of the global carbon cycle.This work was partially supported by U.S.
National Science Foundation (NSF) Cooperative Agreement OCE-228996 to NOSAMS and NSF grants OCE-0851015 & OCE-0928582 to VG.2013-04-0
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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