305,365 research outputs found
Utilization of irradiated carrot cell suspensions as feeder layer for cultured Nicotiana cells and protoplasts.
No full textNon-dividing X-irradiated carrot uspension cells were used as feeder cells to support the division of Nicotiana protoplasts and cells plated at low densities. Pigmented carrot cells have been employed beacuse they are easily recognized when occasional divison and colony formation occurred in the feeder layer. Several parameters wich influenced the plating efficiency have been analyzed. Optimal conditions, which allowed a high final plating efficiency of up to 70%, in the case of Niocotiana tabacum cv Xanthi protoplasts, have been established
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
KK1-1189 - Madu jan tsap hpe galun sat ai lam (The wife who killed the bear)
No full textTranscription (La Ring) Ya hkai na maumwi gaw ndai moi masha num yan masha la wa mi e mayu ga lani mi na nhtoi hta gaw mayu ga sa na lam rai nga. Rai she lani mi na nhtoi hta shan la gaw "E ningwa e an gaw shaning nde nlaw prat ting mayu ga ngu mung nwa yu re wa nu yan wa e wa jahkrum ga" ngu nna she lani mi na hta gaw tsa chyaru tsa ni ba pa ni hpa ni grai jahkum gun nna she wa ma ai da. Wa yang gaw marang gaw aya rai wa alam manyen ai re nga yang she madu wa gaw madu jan hpe she daw hkrawng le ga de madi na de gaw mayoi ai le i kawa dawhkrawng langai mi daw ya nna she wa masai da. Shaloi she n-gam kata kaw lai wa me she atsap wa mi she tsap hte hkrum da. Madu jan gaw kajawng ai atsap mung "Arr" nga n-gup mahka ai hte she dai num jan mung kaning nchye di na she dawhkrawng hte wat abraw dat yang she atsap n-gup kaw lup da. Rai yang she atsap dai wa abraw sat nna she rai yang gaw madu wa gaw "E nang e daini gaw ndai tsap hkrum sai gaw nsa saga, she nhtang wa mat ga" nga madu wa gaw madu jan hpe dai hku bai tsun sai da. Shaloi she "E kalang mi hkyen hkyen shut sai re majaw dai tsap mung ya si sai re majaw ndai tsap hpe nang hkang hpai u she wa saga" ngu. Shaloi she dan na wa masai da. Wa yang gaw dan rai na wa nna she htaw mayu ga du wa. Atsap hpe gaw wo nbang pinra kaw hpai da aw wa yang she dai kaw naw nga yang she madu wa gaw "E ya na tsap galun ai hte re gaw ngai gaw nwa na re nhtang ga" ngu she "Nre ai law nang galun ai ngu na re law" "Ngai masha ga kaw anum ni tsap galun ai nga ngai ala wa lawm ai arawng sum na nkam ai nga" rai she n hkraw ai hku rai nga. Rai jang she madu jan gaw "Nre nre nang galun ai she ngu ya na re" "Ga tat na lu" ngu yang she "Ntat na" ngu da madu jan. Kaja wa madu wa gaw dai tsap dang hkang hpai na she wa ai hku rai re nga. Wa yang she htaw nbang pinra kaw wa tawn. Shana de shana jan du wa rai yang kanyi yan katsa yi de na wa sai da. Shaloi she dai la wa gaw "Ja e anum wo ra ga tat na kun law" ngu she htaw nbang kaw she hprawng hkyen hkyen rai pru wa yu shang wa yu rai. Dai num jan gaw kanu yan kawa le ndaw npan de na wa yang she "E awa yan nu wa ra ai" nga hkap tau la. Katsa wa gaw htaw nhku de shang wa yang she htaw nbang kaw she pru wa yu shang wa yu rai nhkrang rai she "Ma wo ra kaw htaw nbang kaw pru wa yu shang wa yu re gaw kadai wa re i" ngu yang "Htaw na nhkri wa rai nga me htaw daini e tsap lu galun wa nna kabu kadap nga lit dai mu" ngu yang she "Aw nye anum jan ga sadi gaw man nga ai" nga na she katsa e bai sa hkalum la ai da. Rai yang she shana gaw mare na ni hpe shaga nna she ndai shan gun wa ai tsa ni hpa ni ya anhte ndai ga kaw nga yang gaw kyu hpyi ai nga baw le i dama ni wa ai nga na rai yang she "Wo mare na ni hpe shaga nna she ya ngai hkri ngai sha ni gaw daina gaw tsap mung galun hpai wa rai ma ai ngai hkri wa gaw" nga. Dai shana gaw mare na ni hpe shaga la nna she tsap jawng sha ai hte dai shan gun ai tsa ni hpa ni lu sha chyai rai she jahta masai da lo. Shaloi she dai mare na ni she "Koi na dama ni chyawm gaw bai bai anhte kahtawng na dama wa gaw la kaja she rai nga ndan nga re atsap galun lu ai wa gaw e ndai anhte kahtawng kaw na gwi kasha wa kasha ma ai sharaw mung naw galun kau da ya na she wa mu lo, shaloi nanhte hpe anhte hpa mung jaw dat na anhte kahtawng ni lu malu yawng lahkawn ya dat na. Ndai sharaw ma naw gyam kau ya mi" bai ngu ai hku rai nga. Shaloi she la wa gaw myit htum rai she "Yau la na i, n-yau la na i" ngu na she shi gaw hkrit gari nga na she madu jan makau bai mahti wa dung nga sai da. Shaloi she "Yau la u yau la u" ngu madu jan e shi bai mahti n-gup hte gaw nmai tsun rai jang she lata hte she "Yau la yau la" ngu di mahti sai da. Shaloi she "Umm hkwi yu ga le" ngu nna she yau kau ai hku rai nga. Yau nna she kaja wa shana dai hku tsap ni jawng sha hpa rai na she ngut bra wa yang gaw hpang jahpawt gaw mare na ni gaw "Oi ndai sharaw naw gyam da ya lu" ngu re nga gaw hka madu jan e she "E mana gaw nang yau shangun ai re gaw gara hku di na wa loi ngai gaw nchye sai lo" ngu yang she "Nang hkum tsang u hkum tsang u ya an daini gaw hpaji galaw na re" nga. Kaja wa sha kawa hpe she "Wa e ndai mare kaw gwi kasha kadai lu a ta" ngu da. "Gwi kasha kadai lu a ta ngu na she "Gwi kasha mi gaw nga ai le" "Rai jang wa an hpe mare na gwi kasha langai mi ya mi nanhte kahtawng kaw na sharaw gyam kau ya na" nga. Shani she le wo shara sa ai lam de she wahpang kata kaw she madu wa sa dung na shara galaw ai hku rai re nga. Sa galaw nna she dai wahpang kata kaw she hkret nna she shara sa galaw tawn nna she shana she madu wa hpe she dai wahpang kata kaw sa shadun tawn gwi kasha hpe mung dai kaw lahpyen kaw tawn "Ya nang ndai kaw pali atsawm di pali sha shit tawn u lu e" ngu ai da. Shaloi she kaja wa she sharaw mung shana shagu wa she gwi kasha wa kasha hkan sa hta sha ai hku rai re nga gaw. Shaloi she sharaw mung sa wa sai da lo. Dai la wa gaw hkrit rai madu jan hpaji jaw ai hte maren "Ya sharaw gaw ya daina ndai gwi kasha sha ai shaloi ta shawn dat na kun mai shawn dat kun rai na re lu yaw shaloi dai nang nang dai kawa kaw bat nna ngang ngang gyit di u yaw" ngu madu jan hpaji jaw tawn ai da. Madu jan mung madat nga ai re da shi. Dai shaloi she kaja wa she sharaw dai wa sa wa nna she gwi kasha mung nyang she nyang nying she nying wa rai jang she shi shi gaw wai lata wa manaw dat yu nmai jang nmai hte wa mi shalut dat re nu gaw sharaw mana gaw, dai nmai shalut dat ai hte she kawa kaw bat di nna she dai shi shit tawn ai pali hte kuk kuk gyit tawn rai na she wat gyit shangang tawn na she jahtau re nu ai gaw "E ndai buga ni e nanhte hkwi shangun ai sharaw gyit tawn ya sai lo wo kaning di na yang di mu lo" nga jahtau dat ai da. Madu jan gaw maja taw nga re nga yang she "Awa awa le na nhkri wa sharaw dun tawn reng sai" bai ngu ai da. Shaloi she dai kahtawng ni gaw mare ting shaga jahtaw nna she shahpu shahpu nna she yan hkrat wa nri lang ai ni gaw lang, kawa nhkyawn lang ai ni gaw lang rai yan hkrat wa re masai gaw oi. Rai yang she wat "Ya gara kaw rai nga ta" nga "Dai kaw dun tawn ya nga lo" ngu kaja wa shi hpe mung le nmai kaw gyit tawn ya ai re nga yang she lak she lak yang she dai kahtawng yawng hte she "Nang i nye a wa kasha sha nang i nye a gwi kasha sha" ngu na she yawng e sa jawm galun sat sha rai she shaloi she "Dai sharaw si sai" nga jang she sumri wahpang kata kaw na pru wa sumri ni raw ya di "Ngai tek tawn ya ai re" ngu na she dai gaw bai hpai wa nna she bai wa hpya sha ma ai da. Rai yang gaw kaja wa shan wa na hpang shani gaw mare ting yawng bau lu wa bau jaw u wa u wa u hkai wa shi wa hpa lu wa hpa n-gu lu wa n-gu rai wa ai shani mi gaw sutgan yamnga ni hte nga du hkra sharung shagrau dat ma ai da. Dai majaw gaw anum ngu gaw gadi man jang gaw la ni arawng lu ai da. Kadai tim ya hpang de raitim kadai mung e dai hku di sha yang mai ai nga hku nga. . Language as given: Jinghpa
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
Mining e-mail content for author identification forensics
No full textWe describe an investigation into e-mail content mining for author identification, or authorship attribution, for the purpose of forensic investigation. We focus our discussion on the ability to discriminate between authors for the case of both aggregated e-mail topics as well as across different email topics. An extended set of e-mail document features including structural characteristics and linguistic patterns were derived and, together with a Support Vector Machine learning algorithm, were used for mining the e-mail content. Experiments using a number of e-mail documents generated by different authors on a set of topics gave promising results for both aggregated and multi-topic author categorisation
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