1,721,121 research outputs found
TRANSFORMATION DESIGN FOR RESPONSIBLE TOURISM: A PARADIGM SHIFT FOR LOCAL COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT AND WELL-BEING IN DESTINATION
No full textThis paper addresses the need to reflect on how systems for implementing tourism practices should be redesigned to facilitate sustainable social transformation in destinations. Responsible tourism today is implemented on existing (unsustainable) tourism systems and is visible through the planning of sustainable actions influenced by the political agenda and applied individually by service providers, stakeholders and tourists. If we shift the observation perspective of the system, can there really exist a form of responsible tourism that has a positive impact on the territories and communities that host it? In this scenario, transformation design of tourism fosters the implementation of processes and approaches that involve local communities and stakeholders in the definition of a new systemic social, cultural and economic paradigm. The paper presents a model for co-designing responsible tourism services in destinations, shifting the focus from consumer perception to the actual sustainability implications within host communities. The framework is intended as a cue for critical reflection with a view to resizing the tourism offer by questioning the current model of mass tourism in favour of a tourism structure oriented towards the creation of social and cultural value. The theoretical framework intends to propose a perspective in which destination tourism systems are designed giving greater value to communities, territories and cultural resources. The research aims to reflect on the concept of sustainability as a premise on which to design participatory practices for responsible tourism reaching a systemic sustainable balance moving from an extractive to a generative economy for local communities in destination
Teaching experimentation in the field of design: crossing digital tools with analogical activities
No full textThis paper gives an account of an innovative teaching experience from the Bachelor’s Degree in Interior Design, Metadesign Studio at the Politecnico di Milano, School of Design.It is a traditional studio that for years had a static structure, but during recent years, following the preparation of the Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) on the topic of Metadesign, it was decided to review the course setting and insert different elements of innovative teaching
A time-based approach for the social spatialization strategies in retail design
Full text linkIn the context of the developing Smart City, media revolution has changed user’s behavior in the allocation of time and space, their perception turns to hybrid in real and virtual space. Digital technology changed their shopping activities and experiences in personal and social environments. As retail activities become more accessible at any time and location, and as omni-channel retailing disrupts retail stores\u27 monopoly on shopping activities, brick-and-mortar retailers face to the threat of online shopping and must transform in this context. Within the theory of urbanism, the concept of chrono-urbanism is proposed as a critical step to question in depth people’s lifestyles, production and consumption, to be aware of the existing dissociation between space and time. From the perspective of sociology and design disciplines, a time-based approach proposes a response to this phenomenon, where interior design could no longer be the same as before, because the fluidity of time would have reshaped the space. So, due to the intervention of time which conduct a dynamic form of spaces, how will time and digital tools intervene in the customization of shapes, dimensions and possible interactions? When referring to the user\u27s activities and experiences, how will the interactive dimension be able to manage retail spaces in an adaptive way according to the demands of an increasingly diversified society? And how to develop a framework and chronotopes to coordinate retail space design for measuring the performance of social and shopping activities? This research seeks to investigate the interplay between digitalization, social activities, and user experience in the design of retail spaces, through an interdisciplinary perspective focused on time-based design. To achieve this objective, the research employs a two-phase approach. The first phase involves an exploratory study, which incorporates interpretive research of existing literature, structured expert interviews, and the development of grounded theory. The second phase involves an experimental study that tests the developed design approaches and culminates in synthesizing the findings and a conclusion. This research aims to develop a time-based approach and chronotopes as design tools that can support the design process of future retail spaces. The early finding shows that digital technology in retail space design has changed how people interact with physical spaces and each other. The relationship between physical and digital places is primarily a time-based relationship that alters the form of spaces resulting from this chrono-spatiality approach. The time paradigm introduces key performance indicators (KPIs) that are measurable, customizable, logistically efficient, and energy-saving. Smart devices have been mainly used to protect and build a cocoon, connect to a network of digital belonging, and share information and traces of movements and lives. Retailers are redefining the value of physical retail spaces by blending experiences, communications, and interactions with consumers to build connections and communities both online and offline. It can be determined that time-based design has a positive impact on the field of spatial deformation and human-centered enhancement of people\u27s quality of life
Designing the proximity: Temporary exhibition of a research project's constellation
No full textCould reframing new contemporary constellations based on new declinations of proximity be possible? City is a multifaceted entity and a dense structure at the same time, including tangled nets of dynamic and self-organizing systems at different administrative, political, and technological scales, for the creation of more sustainable futures. While we are experiencing the Covid-19 pandemic in the world, we ask ourselves about many aspects of our lives, and above all we ask ourselves if some behaviors and habits will remain the same as in the past or if they will undergo transformations. The objective is also to establish a renewed relationship between citizens and the temporal dynamics of their cities, facilitating their reconnection with the spaces in closest proximity to them. In this panorama, the principal aim is to imagine future scenarios for our cities, for a different use of public spaces, more inclusive, which responds to the needs and desires of different urban populations: children, elderly, animals, non-human agents, etc. For this reason, this chapter explores the subject of proximity designing through an exhibition of 30 projects by the students from the School of Design at Politecnico di Milano, who offer different declinations of the term divided in 15 keywords
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The history of tuberculosis: From the first historical records to the isolation of Koch's bacillus
No full textTuberculosis (TB) is a contagious, infectious disease, due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) that has always been a permanent challenge over the course of human history, because of its severe social implications. It has been hypothesized that the genus Mycobacterium originated more than 150 million years ago. In the Middle Ages, scrofula, a disease affecting cervical lymph nodes, was described as a new clinical form of TB. The illness was known in England and France as "king's evil", and it was widely believed that persons affected could heal after a royal touch. In 1720, for the first time, the infectious origin of TB was conjectured by the English physician Benjamin Marten, while the first successful remedy against TB was the introduction of the sanatorium cure. The famous scientist Robert Koch was able to isolate the tubercle bacillus and presented this extraordinary result to the society of Physiology in Berlin on 24 March 1882. In the decades following this discovery, the Pirquet and Mantoux tuberculin skin tests, Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin BCG vaccine, Selman Waksman streptomycin and other anti-tuberculous drugs were developed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Aesthetics of Design for Social Innovation. Pathways for a Dialogue with Everyday Aesthetics
No full textThepaperpresents“ADESSO-AestheticsofDesignforSocialInno- vation”, foundational research that aims at investigating the sensorial insights and the aesthetic experience related to services, relationships, environments, commu- nication strategies, and spaces within Design for Social Innovation approaches, highlighting the impact on processes and outcomes.
As Design for Social Innovation deals with all that design branches can do to promote and support social changes towards social and environmental sustainabil- ity, such processes are usually typified by a strong dematerialization of the design object itself: they own a relational and dialogical perspective. As the object itself of the design process has constantly been expanded, mainly towards its intangibility, the focus on the value generated by the experience of artefacts and places has found its area of investigation. Also, a decreased authorship has progressively turned the designer’s role into participatory-design-led practices. Indeed, Design Aesthetics has mainly dealt with product design and the related sensorial involvements, and no specific studies have so far included Design for Social Innovation.
Focusing on these three principal axes of change for design research, ADESSO starts by investigating the aesthetic experience generated throughout sustainable and participative cases, stressing the importance of differential contributions to the whole process
- …
