1,721,063 research outputs found
Apoptotic Bodies In Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Following Total Androgen Ablation
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) evaluation in the diagnostic quantitative pathology of cribriform adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
No full textThe aim of this study was to emphasise the importance of the measurement sites in tumours from the biological point of view. In particular, two distinct aspects regarding locations were investigated for Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) expression in the cribriform adenocarcinoma of the prostate as an example. The first aspect was the identification of the most suitable part of the tumour nodule to be analysed, that is, periphery or marginal zone vs central. The second aspect consisted of the precise location of the objects in relation to the histologic pattern and its components, such as the different cell layers in the cribriform pattern. The results obtained showed that the proportion of PCNA-immunostained nuclei in the marginal zone of the tumour decreased from the basal position, or adjacent to the stroma, towards the lumen: 14.40% (standard error, SE, 0.61%) in the basal position, 11.84% (SE 1.30%) in the intermediate and 9.26% (SE 0.66%) in the lumenal position. In the central zone of the tumour the trend of value changes was similar to that obtained in the marginal zone. However, the proportions were lower and the differences statistically significant. In conclusion, the degree of PCNA expression is related to both locations. Thus, adequate information on the biology of the lesions can only be obtained when the precise site of the objects to be evaluated is identified. Otherwise, misleading results about the lesions being measured can be derived
Quantitative Characterization of the Frequency and Location of Cell-proliferation and Death In Prostate Pathology.
No full textThis paper evaluates the use of quantitative methods to accurately assess cell proliferation and death in untreated and treated prostate lesions. The analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-stained nuclei allow precise evaluation of the proliferating cells and exact identification of their location in the progression of untreated prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) to prostatic adenocarcinoma (PAC). The evaluation of the frequency and location of apoptotic bodies (ABs) gives accurate information on the apoptotic phenomenon in PIN compared to normal prostate (NP) and PAC. In fact, the frequency of ABs increases from NP to PIN to PAC and parallels that observed with PCNA. However, the AB-related values were approximately one-eighth to one-tenth of those obtained with PCNA immunostaining. Combination endocrine therapy (CET) decreases the proliferative activity and enhances the apoptosis phenomenon in NP, PIN, and PAC. This might indicate that CET could induce a certain degree of regression not only of PAC, but also of PIN
Quantitative-evaluation of Nucleolar Features On Cytologic Material In Brain-tumor Diagnosis.
No full textNucleolar-related features were quantified in toluidin blue-stained smears from 36 brain tumors in order to improve our knowledge of the nucleolar frequency, size and margination. It was observed that low-grade astrocytic tumors had high percentages of nucleolated cells but the nucleoli were mostly single with maximum nucleolar diameter smaller than 2.00 microns. The percentages of marginated nucleoli were also low, ranging between 3.00% and 30.00% (only one case had a higher percentage). The high-grade tumors, i.e. anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas, did not significantly differ from low-grade astrocytomas in their percentages of nucleolated nuclei, but they showed a higher number of nuclei having three or more nucleoli and the mean nucleolar diameter was in general bigger than 2.00 microns. Glioblastomas had marginated nucleoli much more frequently than anaplastic astrocytomas, the percentage in all but one case being higher than 30.00%. The percentage of marginated nucleoli was much higher in glioblastomas than in metastases, while the nucleoli were bigger in the latter group. A wide range of values for most of the nucleolar-associated parameters was observed in the remaining non-astrocytic brain tumors. Our results, showing differences in nuclear number, size and margination in different brain tumors, lead us to consider it worthwhile to investigate nucleolar-related features and their relationships using a quantitative approach
Apoptosis in prostatic adenocarcinoma following complete androgen ablation.
No full textOBJECTIVE: To analyze the cell death phenomenon in prostate cancer following complete androgen ablation.
METHODS: The frequency and location of apoptotic bodies (ABs) were evaluated in haematoxylin and eosin stained sections of radical prostatectomy specimens from patients with invasive prostatic adenocarcinoma treated with neo-adjuvant endocrine combination therapy for 3 months before surgery. The results were compared with an untreated age- and stage-matched control group.
RESULTS: Both in treated and untreated prostate tissue the AB frequency increased from normal prostate, through prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, up to prostatic adenocarcinoma. The main location was in the cell layers adjacent to the stroma, their frequency decreasing towards the lumen. The frequency of ABs was higher in the treated prostate glands than in the untreated groups. The relative increase of the AB frequency in treated carcinomas as compared with untreated ones was lowest in tumours with a solid pattern, intermediate in the cribriform, and highest in the acinar pattern.
CONCLUSIONS: Complete androgen ablation induces involution of prostate tissue mainly through the enhancement of apoptosis. This type of cell death is thought to play a major role and might be linked to specific changes in signal transduction mechanisms in response to hormonal withdrawal
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
