1,720,975 research outputs found
Integrazione dei figli e risorse familiari nelle adozioni internazionali
No full textSulla base dei dati del censimento della popolazione del 2011 è stato possibile individuare i bambini e i ragazzi adottati all’estero e metterli a confronto con altre tre categorie di minori residenti: i nati all’estero "ricongiunti" a genitori immigrati, i nati in Italia da genitori immigrati non italiani e i nati in Italia da nativi italiani dalla nascita. I risultati dell’analisi mostrano che il compimento della scuola dell’obbligo da parte dei ragazzi adottivi, per quanto ritardato, risulta diffuso allo stesso livello di quello registrato dagli altri ragazzi italiani. Fondamentale è il ruolo svolto dalle famiglie adottive che si caratterizzano per grado d’istruzione e condizioni economiche nettamente più elevati delle altre coppie con figli
Italian youth mobility during the last two decades: An overview in eight selected EU countries
Full text linkThe international mobility of young people from Europe’s Mediterranean countries has become an important
topic in scientific debate. The issue has major reverberations in the national media since youth outflows – not
adequately compensated for by return flows or new inflows – can undermine the economic and social sustainability
of development processes in the countries of origin. The 2007–2008 financial and economic crisis,
contributed significantly to intensifying those outflows and reducing the return flows. This paper focuses
on the international mobility of young Italians during the past two decades. After addressing the problem
of existing data sources and their comparability, our analysis, in terms of spatial distribution, will be concentrated
on eight EU destination countries presenting three different sets of socio-economic characteristics:
the UK, Germany and Sweden (characterised by high mobility, high income, and high capacity for attracting
immigration); Latvia, Romania and Slovakia (characterised by high out mobility, medium-low income, and
low capacity for attracting immigration) and Ireland and Spain (characterised by high mobility, mediumhigh
income, and a temporally and spatially discontinuous capacity for attracting immigration). In terms
of geographical distribution, our analysis will consider the most represented places of origin in Italy at the
provincial level. Our study provides an overview of international outflows of young Italians, considering
destination countries, places of origin, gender, marital status and age. These results could be used by scientists
and policymakers in dealing with the challenge of maximizing the advantages of mobility for individuals
while minimizing costs in terms of social and economic sustainability
Recent Demographic Trends in the Major Italian Urban Agglomerations: The Role of Foreigners
No full textRecent works have highlighted how many of the major urban agglomerations in Italy are undergoing a new phase of demographic growth. This could be called reurbanization phase according to the theory of spatial cycles and the underlying model of urban life cycle. The occurrence of this phenomenon in a decade when the foreign resident population has tripled could be not only a coincidence. The primary aim of the article is to evaluate the contribution of internal and international migration to the population dynamics of eight Italian urban agglomerations (Turin, Milan, Verona, Bologna, Florence, Rome, Naples and Palermo) during the period 2001–2010. Secondly, the article analyzes the main demographic features of the foreign resident population in those eight urban settings in order to find potential regularities or discontinuities both across and within (core and rings) the selected urban agglomerations. The demographic censuses as well as administrative data from municipal population registers have been used to compute elementary indicators then synthetized by multidimensional data analysis. The results obtained show that in all the urban agglomerations of the Centre-North the population expansion in the last decade is mostly or entirely driven by the foreign component in the centre and periphery alike. On the contrary, growth in the main urban areas located in the Southern region is stagnant despite the contribution (not as relevant anyway) from the foreign population. Regarding the characteristics of foreign population important differential aspects coming out not only across but also
within the same urban agglomerations
In-between centers and suburbs? Increasing differentials in recent demographic dynamics of Italian metropolitan cities
Full text linkVerifying the intrinsic stability of demographic processes over time and space is a pivotal task from both science and policy perspectives. Compared with other regions of the old continent, a latent peculiarity of demographic systems in Southern Europe is their persistent heterogeneity over space, especially observed across metropolitan regions. ‘Centers’ and ‘peripheries’ are thus becoming representative of, respectively, territories undergoing demographic growth and decline. The former corresponds to urban areas, being attractive for different population segments. The present study illustrates the results of a statistical analysis of total population data over time (2011–2020) and its decomposition in natural increase and net migration rates in 14 metropolitan cities of Italy. Assuming that central and peripheral (e.g., suburbs) locations show differential trends of natural increase and net migration, our analysis verifies whether (i) central locations behave homogeneously in terms of population dynamics, and whether (ii) a North–South gradient holds. Results indicate how (metropolitan) demographic patterns no longer reflect a traditional gap between Northern and Southern regions, while outlining a subtler divide in growing and declining contexts. The few still-growing metropolitan areas were all located in North-Central Italy, and reflect more polarized socioeconomic contexts than in the past. Internal migration was likely the most powerful factor that discriminates growing from declining cities. Such evidence indicates that strengthening the self-restraining capacity of Southern Italian territories contributes to increase their attractiveness of international migration flows, counteracting demographic shrinkage
Local heterogeneities in population growth and decline. A spatial analysis for Italian municipalities
No full textSpatially unequal demographic dynamics lead to a progressive fragility of a territory and its socio-economic system. In Italy, municipalities characterized by demographic malaise tend to be increasingly small in size and peripheral in location, and their local spatial aggregation increased over time. A spatial approach is here proposed to investigate the dynamics across time and space of the population variations in Italian municipalities from 1981 to 2011. Global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis and several models of regression were run using as study variable the average growth rates at municipality level. The spatial autocorrelation of the study variable is quite high and stable over time. The regression results show that spatial models (SAM and SAR) outperform the non-spatial model (OLS) and that SAR is the best model. The results also underline that the variation of population is significantly affected by its values in the neighbouring municipalities, confirming the spatial nature of the phenomenon. The presence of schools in the municipality emerges as a key factor for the increase/decrease of the population. Moreover, the decomposition of the effects into direct and indirect effects shows that all the independent variables produce their effects almost 70% directly and 30% indirectly
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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