1,721,112 research outputs found
Training mathematical skills in school children: Some preliminary results.
Get PDFThe present study is a further development of an earlier research on school failure. The aim is to develop sound, simple, effective evaluation and training procedures for children with difficulties to learn mathematics. A review of research on mathematical knowledge reveals some confusion in using terms and a lack of empirical studies on intervention strategies. Nevertheless, some progress has been done in defining the necessary skills for children to solve mathematical problems. In the current study, two cases of primary school children (ISCED 1) with difficulties to learn mathematics are presented. They were trained to acquire a set of pre-mathematical or mathematical skills. The core of the intervention procedures is Behavior Skills Training (BST), a highly effective technique for teaching individuals with different disabilities a wide variety of skills. Evaluation of the training is carried out by comparing the percentage of attained objectives before (pre-test) and after training (post-test). Future developments of this research are explaine
La enseñanza de los niños impedidos
No full textDiagnosis and intervention programs for SEN children: deafness, physical deficiencies, vocational training for mentally retarded
School failure from a psychological point of view
No full textSchool failure is an educational problem with multiple causes at different levels. In spite of a set of measures applied by educational agencies during many years, it remains a major problem in Portugal and in other countries, due to a variety of factors. The problem has social and political dimensions and consequently several solutions have been proposed. Nevertheless, solutions must take into account the individual level. This paper analyzes the contribution of Psychology to understand and propose solutions for individual children. A project is presented in which Applied Behavior Analysis techniques are applied to train 6-12 years old children with academic difficulties of very different origins. Training programs for Basic Behavior (precurrents), Social Behavior and Academic Behavior are explained. Results are evaluated in terms of % of attained objectives, time, and (subjective) teachers` satisfaction
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A research program on stress management for health professionals
Get PDFOccupational stress has been considered a serious public health problem. Nursing
is a highly specialized work done under conditions of considerable pressure,
therefore a stressing profession. Stress in nurses has considerable implications
on their health and on the quality of their service, and it is associated with
considerable economic costs. The current contribution is a report on the stress
management line of research carried on presently in Portugal. The efficacy of
a stress management intervention program in a nursing professionals sample
is assessed through a quasi-experimental multiple baseline design in several
groups of health professionals. Three studies with different groups of nurses in
different hospitals have been conducted. Preliminary results show significant
levels of stress reduction, as well as an improvement of the number and efficacy
of the coping skills of the participants.FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P.,no âmbito do projeto UID/CED/04312/201
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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