1,721,230 research outputs found
An adaptive agent for negotiating with people in different cultures
No full textThe rapid dissemination of technology such as the Internet across geographical and ethnic lines is opening up opportunities for computer agents to negotiate with people of diverse cultural and organizational affiliations. To negotiate proficiently with people in different cultures, agents need to be able to adapt to the way behavioral traits of other participants change over time. This article describes a new agent for repeated bilateral negotiation that was designed to model and adapt its behavior to the individual traits exhibited by its negotiation partner. The agent's decision-making model combined a social utility function that represented the behavioral traits of the other participant, as well as a rule-based mechanism that used the utility function to make decisions in the negotiation process. The agent was deployed in a strategic setting in which both participants needed to complete their individual tasks by reaching agreements and exchanging resources, the number of negotiation rounds was not fixed in advance and agreements were not binding. The agent negotiated with human subjects in the United States and Lebanon in situations that varied the dependency relationships between participants at the onset of negotiation. There was no prior data available about the way people would respond to different negotiation strategies in these two countries. Results showed that the agent was able to adopt a different negotiation strategy to each country. Its average performance across both countries was equal to that of people. However, the agent outperformed people in the United States, because it learned to make offers that were likely to be accepted by people, while being more beneficial to the agent than to people. In contrast, the agent was outperformed by people in Lebanon, because it adopted a high reliability measure which allowed people to take advantage of it. These results provide insight for human-computer agent designers in the types of multicultural settings that we considered, showing that adaptation is a viable approach towards the design of computer agents to negotiate with people when there is no prior data of their behavior. © 2011 ACM.Adair Wendi Lyn, 2004, HDB NEGOTIATION CULT, P158; Bohnet I, 2008, AM ECON REV, V98, P294, DOI 10.1257-aer.98.1.294; BUSINESWEEK, 2007, BLOOMBERG BUSINESSWE; BYDE A., 2003, P 4 ACM C EL COMM, P198; Camerer C, 2003, BEHAV GAME THEORY EX; Charness G, 2002, Q J ECON, V117, P817, DOI 10.1162-003355302760193904; DEDREU CKW, 1995, PERS SOC PSYCHOL B, V21, P1178, DOI 10.1177-01461672952111006; Ficici S. G., 2008, P 7 INT JOINT C AUT; GAL Y., 2007, P 6 INT INT C MOD US; GAL Y., 2007, P 22 NAT C ART INT A; Gal Y, 2010, ARTIF INTELL, V174, P1460, DOI 10.1016-j.artint.2010.09.002; Gelfand M. J., 2004, HDB NEGOTIATION CULT; Gelfand MJ, 1999, ORGAN BEHAV HUM DEC, V79, P248, DOI 10.1006-obhd.1999.2845; Gelfand MJ, 2002, J APPL PSYCHOL, V87, P833, DOI 10.1037--0021-9010.87.5.833; Gelfand MJ, 1999, J APPL PSYCHOL, V84, P721, DOI 10.1037--0021-9010.84.5.721; GROSZ B., 2004, P 3 INT JOINT C AUT; Henrich J, 2000, AM ECON REV, V90, P973, DOI 10.1257-aer.90.4.973; Hofstede G., 1980, CULTURES CONSEQUENCE; IMAI L., 2010, ORG BEHAV HUM DECIS; Jonker CM, 2007, AUTON AGENT MULTI-AG, V15, P221, DOI 10.1007-s10458-006-9009-y; KAMAR E., 2008, P INT C AUT AG MULT; Kashima Y, 2005, EUR J SOC PSYCHOL, V35, P147, DOI 10.1002-ejsp.237; KATZ R., 2006, P 5 INT C AUT AG MUL; Kraus S, 2008, ARTIF INTELL, V172, P1, DOI 10.1016-j.artint.2007.05.007; KRAUS S, 1995, COMPUT INTELL, V11, P132, DOI 10.1111-j.1467-8640.1995.tb00026.x; Lin R, 2010, COMMUN ACM, V53, P78, DOI 10.1145-1629175.1629199; Lin R., 2009, P 8 INT C AUT AG MUL, P345; Lount RB, 2008, PERS SOC PSYCHOL B, V34, P1601, DOI 10.1177-0146167208324512; MURPHY R., 2004, IEEE T SYST MAN CY A, V34, P2; Oshrat Y., 2009, P 8 INT C AUT AG MUL, P377; RAJARSHI D., 2001, P 17 INT JOINT C ART; ROTH AE, 1991, AM ECON REV, V81, P1068; SCHURR N., 2006, P 5 INT C AUT AG MUL; TALMAN S., 2005, P 4 INT JOINT C AUT; Weingart L., 2004, HDB NEGOTIATION CULT, P143; Zuckerman I, 2007, 20TH INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, P156340
Palacio de Linares : gastos en lámparas y jarrones
No full textCarta con membrete con información del nombre y actividad del establecimientoLa carta con sello: Vda. de Patricio Gal y EcheandíaCarta y nota de pago del 2 de marzo de 1888, Irún, de la Viuda de Patricio Gal y Echeandia al Marqués de Linares sobre un pedido de lámparas y jarrones. Acompañada del recibo firmado en Madrid el 13 de marzo de 188
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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