1,720,977 research outputs found
Machine Learning based Anomaly Detection for Cybersecurity Monitoring of Critical Infrastructures
No full textManaging critical infrastructures requires to increasingly rely on Information and Communi-
cation Technologies. The last past years showed an incredible increase in the sophistication
of attacks. For this reason, it is necessary to develop new algorithms for monitoring these
infrastructures. In this scenario, Machine Learning can represent a very useful ally. After a
brief introduction on the issue of cybersecurity in Industrial Control Systems and an overview
of the state of the art regarding Machine Learning based cybersecurity monitoring, the
present work proposes three approaches that target different layers of the control network
architecture. The first one focuses on covert channels based on the DNS protocol, which can
be used to establish a command and control channel, allowing attackers to send malicious
commands. The second one focuses on the field layer of electrical power systems, proposing
a physics-based anomaly detection algorithm for Distributed Energy Resources. The third
one proposed a first attempt to integrate physical and cyber security systems, in order to face
complex threats. All these three approaches are supported by promising results, which gives
hope to practical applications in the next future
Cybersecurity Issues in Communication-Based Electrical Protections
No full textCybersecurity is becoming a fundamental issue in Smart Grids. In the last past years, there have been remarkable advances in technologies for enhancing the security of electrical systems. Still, some systems shows severe vulnerabilities. One of them is represented by communication-based electrical protection. The present work analyzes vulnerabilities in such type of control networks. We analyze the attack models to communication-based electrical protection systems, discussing the impact of the implementation of IEC 62351 on these vulnerabilities. We also discuss possible countermeasures which can be useful to address the discussed vulnerabilities
A Framework for Network Security Verification of Automated Vehicles in the Agricultural Domain
No full textThe agricultural sector increasingly relies on automated vehicles. These machines are often based on a CANbus control network and equipped with different wireless interfaces to implement different functionalities, such as remote control through radio links, GPS-based localization, and Wi-Fi-based data exchange. Nevertheless, CANbus presents severe vulnerabilities that expose these vehicles to cyberattacks. In this context, it is crucial to develop efficient procedures for network security verification of automated agricultural vehicles. The present work proposes a framework for evaluating the network security of agricultural vehicles based on four main dimensions: CANbus Security and Network Segmentation, Remote control based on Radio-Links, Wireless Gateways, and GPS security. We presents a testbed we are developing to test the proposed procedures, also discussing the related methods and procedures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A Possible Smart Metering System Evolution for Rural and Remote Areas Employing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Internet of Things in Smart Grids
No full textThe way of generating and distributing energy throughout the electrical grid to all users is evolving. The concept of Smart Grid (SG) took place to enhance the management of the electrical grid infrastructure and its functionalities from the traditional system to an improved one. To measure the energy consumption of the users is one of these functionalities that, in some countries, has already evolved from a periodical manual consumption reading to a more frequent and automatic one, leading to the concept of Smart Metering (SM). Technology improvement could be applied to the SM systems to allow, on one hand, a more efficient way to collect the energy consumption data of each user, and, on the other hand, a better distribution of the available energy through the infrastructure. Widespread communication solutions based on existing telecommunication infrastructures instead of using ad-hoc ones can be exploited for this purpose. In this paper, we recall the basic elements and the evolution of the SM network architecture focusing on how it could further improve in the near future. We report the main technologies and protocols which can be exploited for the data exchange throughout the infrastructure and the pros and cons of each solution. Finally, we propose an innovative solution as a possible evolution of the SM system. This solution is based on a set of Internet of Things (IoT) communication technologies called Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) which could be employed to improve the performance of the currently used technologies and provide additional functionalities. We also propose the employment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to periodically collect energy consumption data, with evident advantages especially if employed in rural and remote areas. We show some preliminary performance results which allow assessing the feasibility of the proposed approach
An SDR-Based Cybersecurity Verification Framework for Smart Agricultural Machines
No full textThe agricultural sector increasingly makes use of automated and/or remotely-controlled machines to improve performance and reduce costs. These machines, called Smart Agricultural Machines (SAMs), integrate different information and communication technologies for monitoring and control purposes and can be remotely controlled by using proprietary protocols. This makes it difficult to assess the vulnerabilities of the system, in particular for non-proprietary-parties. SAMs are cyber-physical systems often employing private protocols and can be objects of attacks. In this context the paper proposes a framework, based on Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology, for cybersecurity verification of SAMs, in order to fill the gap in the state of the art since no technical standard specifically addresses cybersecurity in this environment; the paper describes the testbed developed and exploited to show the effectiveness in detecting vulnerabilities and assessing the SAM security, in particular focusing on the wireless communication channels, and reports the obtained results
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