1,720,978 research outputs found
Multilayer networks and route entry into the airline industry: Evidence from the U.S. domestic market
No full textIn this paper we apply elements of multilayer network theory to the airline industry and study route entry into the U.S. domestic market. We find that airlines tend to follow the market leader and enter a route already served by the incumbent. Moreover, using multilayer network variables, our analysis confirms that entry is more likely when the airline operates other routes at the two endpoints of the target route. On the managerial side, our results may help each airline to foresee and therefore anticipate the competitors’ entry move. On the policy side, our approach, based on multilayer network theory, may be adopted by competition authorities to detect possible firm’s practices that can result from airlines’ network, and, more generally, by national public authorities to understand the centrality of each airline’s network in each country
Entry and exit strategy of low-cost carriers and global crises
No full textWe study the entry and exit strategy of low-cost carriers into the Italian aviation market during the early stage of their expansion. We find that their strategy is mainly driven by population size, GDP per capita, tourism vocation of the area, and degree of competition, although the direction and magnitude of these factors change over time. At the beginning, low-cost carriers mostly focus on tourist routes, scantly served by full-service carriers; after 9/11 terrorist attack, they shift to richer destinations; and, when the tourism sector regains momentum, they switch again on leisure routes and also expand their presence on routes operated by full-service carriers. As 9/11 terrorist attack led to a permanent change in the entry and exit strategy of low-cost carriers, our analysis suggests that other global crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic or the Russia-Ukraine conflict, are bound to provoke significant and long-lasting effects in the low-cost carriers developing strategy
Flight delays in European airline networks
No full textIn this paper we apply an index of interconnectedness to air transport networks. We study empirically how service quality, measured in average minutes of arrival delay, differs between network structures operated by European airlines. We observe that airlines with contrasting business models, low-cost carriers versus full-service carriers, prefer different network types. We run panel data fixed-effects on a sample of over two million flights that were operated in Europe between April 2015 and March 2016. Our main finding is, that airlines are more successful in managing delay when they operate a network with hub-and-spoke characteristics, especially if flights originate at one of their own hubs, compared to airlines that operate a network with point-to-point characteristics. Our findings support the hypothesis that at hubs, where the carriers have a dominant position, airlines internalize congestion into their own operations
Airline mitigation of propagated delays via schedule buffers: Theory and empirics
No full textThis paper presents an extensive theoretical and empirical analysis of the choice of schedule buffers by airlines. With airline delays a continuing problem around the world, such an undertaking is valuable, and its lessons extend to other passenger transportation sectors. One useful lesson from the theoretical analysis of a two-flight model is that the mitigation of delay propagation is done entirely by the ground buffer and the second flight’s buffer. The first flight’s buffer plays no role because the ground buffer is a perfect, while nondistorting, substitute. In addition, the apportionment of mitigation responsibility between the ground buffer and the second flight’s buffer is shown to depend on the relationship between the costs of ground- and flight-buffer time. The empirical results show the connection between buffer magnitudes and a host of explanatory variables, including the variability of flight times, which simulations of the model identify as an important determining factor
Airline schedule buffers and flight delays: A discrete model
No full textThis paper revisits the airline schedule-buffer choice problem analyzed by Brueckner et al. (2021) using a simpler model where the random shocks influencing flight times are discrete rather than continuous. The analysis yields closed-form solutions for the flight and ground buffers as well as full comparative-static results, neither of which were available in the earlier paper. The paper also explores several extensions to the model that were not present in the previous paper.
Highlights
• Paper develops discrete version of buffer model of Brueckner et al. (2021).
• Random shock affecting flight times is discrete rather than continuous.
• Analysis yields closed-form solutions and full comparative statics.
• Provides further insight into airline’s choice of schedule buffers
Airline delay propagation: A simple method for measuring its extent and determinants
No full textThis paper offers a simple approach for identifying propagated departure delays and measuring their contribution to arrival delays. Under our approach, a propagated departure delay occurs when the arrival delay of the inbound flight exceeds the subsequent flight’s ground buffer. The size (or frequency) of such propagated delays relative to the size (or frequency) of arrival delays then measures the contribution of propagated delays to late arrivals. This approach differs from earlier attempts to quantify the contribution of delay propagation since it focuses on an individual flight and its immediate predecessor, without attempting to trace the sources of delay propagation back through the entire sequence of prior flights. The paper’s empirical results show that the contribution of propagated departure delays to arrival delays depends on several key determinants
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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