1,720,984 research outputs found
Cover Page "Biomacromolecules"
No full textPotency of self-assembled antimicrobial peptides against biofilms. Image courtesy of Carla Langella, Gabriele Pontillo, Roberta Angari and Stefania Galdiero
Digital Design and Data Visualization for Society Health and Wellbeing
No full textThe contribution deals with the theme of the design of wearable and active devices, capable of communicating with the end user, mediators of the health condition and perceived and effective well-being of individuals.
The state of the art on the subject highlights how the use of wearable devices in the field of e-health, capable of monitoring the biometric data of individuals, has grown. Nonetheless, these devices are used for limited periods of time, becoming – in fact – a sort of fad, or in any case a passing phenomenon. One therefore wonders whether it is possible to intervene on the design of this type of artefact, in such a way as to trigger a relational link between the object and the user, in order to increase the latter’s awareness of his/her health condition, with an impact relevant, with respect to the widespread quality of life, especially in cases in which one is confronted with more fragile sections of the population, in the presence of some pathological conditions, and for which monitoring of this type is therefore relevant.
The approach used will make use of the analysis of the scientific literature and the state of the art of reference, useful for understanding the interest and relevance of the contribution, especially after a hybridization between knowledge and between different disciplinary areas of the design culture, namely that of digital design, communication design and data visualization, used to outline an innovative approach described in the contribution
Design e modi differenti delle tecnologie del fare
No full textLa connotazione della nostra epoca è l’emergenza che, da un lato, è immediatamente interrelata all’impatto delle attività dell’uomo e direttamente o reciprocamente all’avanzamento tecnico-scientifico; dall’altro, apre nuove prospettive congruenti alle diverse ipotesi di impegno socio-economico. La discontinuità del prodursi di eventi introduce un concetto nuovo di tempo: la diversità tra l’intempestività del tempo vissuto riflette la concezione di un tempo lineare, mentre la tempestività produce eventi singolari che determinano forti discontinuità nella dinamica lineare, realizzando una concentrazione e una connotazione del tempo assoluto. In breve: un’emergenza. Questo fenomeno produce un’attenzione diffusa a tutte le sfere delle attività, in prefigurazione di una base da ricostruire fondata sulla responsabilità e la solidarietà del singolo che si propaga per recuperare senso collettivo globale.
La cooperazione a distanza annulla lo spazio e stabilisce l’ordinarietà di un tempo che diventa esso stesso evento, la cui singolarità sta nell’approccio alla collaborazione intesa a sviluppare metodi nuovi per far fronte ad emergenze globali. La cifra identificativa di globale non si esaurisce nell’incontro, bensì, reagisce in modo creativo-produttivo e attraverso la collaborazione tecnica svolge il ruolo di anticipatore per altri sistemi organizzativi e produttivi. Un modello per la produzione di beni e servizi che oltre a rispondere nell’immediato alle emergenze, costringe ad un ripensamento sull’assenza dell’azione di coordinamento e di adesione ai principi dell’economia circolare e della resilienza dei sistemi. Il cambio di passo richiede la riflessione sulla natura e l’applicazione dell’innovazione, nonché sulla capacità di integrazione nella tecnologia dei saperi umanistici che introducono, nel man-machine relationship, la collaborazione che confluisce nella collaborative industry. Non esiste una vera e propria dipendenza dalla tecnologia: si scopre, in tempi di emergenza, una rinnovata collaborazione tra macchine e uomo; il man-machine-relationship trova oggi nella macchina il conforto necessario per affrontare l’imprevedibile
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Echinodesign: a new model for facilitating the dissemination and effectiveness of the biomimetic design culture.
No full textThe chapter presents a novel approach to carry out biomimetic researches and disseminate the culture of bioinspired designs. It describes the results of an interdisciplinary project, named Echinodesign, i.e., a design-driven biological investigation aimed at understanding the characteristics, principles, and logic of echinoids as well as at facilitating the development of innovative inspired products and services. In particular, the echinoids are marine invertebrate organisms, commonly known as sea urchins, which have a long history as inspiring models for transferring bio-inspired solutions. Through a hybrid approach between biology, design and engineering, these organisms with their unique functional features were re-interpreted and applied in different design fields, including furniture, biomedical, lighting, and sports. The resulting inspired design products were finally showed in a dedicated exhibition, proposed as a tool to disseminate and amplify the results of the biomimetic research
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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