23 research outputs found
Erratum: Proposal for a definition for response to treatment, inactive disease and damage for JIA associated uveitis based on the validation of a uveitis related JIA outcome measures from the Multinational Interdisciplinary Working Group for Uveitis in Childhood (MIWGUC) (Pediatr Rheumatol Online J (2019) 17 (66) DOI: 10.1186/s12969-019-0345-2)
No full textFollowing publication of the original article [1], we have been notified that the author Joan Calzada should not have been included to the team of authors. The authors' team, thus, should be as follows: Ivan Foeldvari1*, Jens Klotsche2,3, Gabriele Simonini4, Clive Edelsten5, Sheila T. Angeles-Han6, Regitze Bangsgaard7, Joke de Boer8, Gabriele Brumm9, Rosa Bou Torrent10,21, Tamas Constantin11, Cinzia DeLibero12, Jesus Diaz23,24,Valeria Maria Gerloni13, Margarida Guedes14, Arnd Heiligenhaus15, Kaisu Kotaniemi16, Sanna Leinonen16, Kirsten Minden2,17, Vasco Miranda18, Elisabetta Miserocchi19, Susan Nielsen7, Martina Niewerth2, Irene Pontikaki13,Carmen Garcia de Vicuna10, Carla Zilhao14, Steven Yeh20, Jordi Anton10,21,2
Oxygen demand of bean bruchids (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say)
No full textThe common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) is an important crop in many countries and its safe storage is crucial in maintaining a sufficient and high quality food supply for the community. A non-chemical storage technique, hermetic storage, is being used to control the bean bruchid (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say), a beetle which can cause large losses to stored beans. Experiments were carried out using hermetically sealed containers of known gas volume at different temperatures (10 and 27°C) and bean moistures (8 and 16% wet basis) to quantify the oxygen requirement of bruchids. Bruchids use between 0.0074 and 0.1043 cm3 bruchid-1day-1, depending on bean temperature and bean moisture content. Days to 100% adult bruchid mortality in hermetic storage, as a function of infestation level, storage volume, temperature and bean moisture content, can be estimated by using these oxygen requirement results. These estimates can be used to design hermetic storage systems to protect beans from damage by bruchids.This article is published as Jeffrey, Askey, Bern Carl, Brumm Thomas, and Coats Joel. "Oxygen demand of bean bruchids (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say)." Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research 11, no. 2 (2020): 8-14. doi: http://www.academicjournals.org/JSPPR. Copyright ©2020 Author(s). This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US
Hermetic storage of maize grain in repurposed food oil containers to control maize weevils
No full textInsect-related grain loss is a significant problem in Uganda and other countries in sub Saharan Africa. The maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) is one of the major insect pests that infests stored maize grain (Zea mays Linneaus). This study demonstrates the feasibility of hermetic or “air-tight” storage for protecting maize from maize weevil damage using low-cost repurposed food oil containers. Maize infested with weevils was obtained from a local market in Kamuli, Uganda. Quality characteristics determined before storage included live weevil numbers, moisture content, and kernel damage. Storage treatments, each done in triplicate in 10-L containers, included (1) hermetically sealed and (2) non-hermetically sealed maize grain. After 30 days of storage, 100% mortality of maize weevils was achieved in treatment (1), while the number of weevils increased by nearly a factor of three in treatment (2). Although, there were no significant differences between treatments in final moisture content, test weight, and damage, broken corn and foreign material was significantly higher in treatment (2) versus (1). This 30-day study using an experimental design with up to three replicated treatments demonstrated that repurposed food oil containers can be effectively used for hermetic storage of maize.This article is published as Brumm, Thomas J., Carl J. Bern, and David F. Webber. "Hermetic storage of maize grain in repurposed food oil containers to control maize weevils." Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research 12, no. 2 (2021): 42-46. doi: http://www.academicjournals.org/JSPPR. Copyright ©2021 Author(s). This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en_US
FIRE-MAKING USING A STONE `STRIKE-A-LIGHT' IN THE SOA BASIN OF FLORES, INDONESIA
No full textDuring recent archaeological fieldwork on the island of Flores in eastern Indonesia, the author observed a firemaking technique involving the use of a stone `strike-alight' (see Skertchly 1879). The strike-a-light used was a chalcedony flake scavenged from a prehistoric site; hence the fire-making technique has archaeological and in particular, taphonomic, significance
Strategy for identification of novel fungal and bacterial glycosyl hydrolase hybrid mixtures that can efficiently saccharify pretreated lignocellulosic biomass
No full textWe have applied a rational four-step strategy to identify novel bacterial glycosyl hydrolases (GH), in combination with various fungal enzymes, in order to define an efficient enzyme cocktail to hydrolyze pretreated lignocellulosic biomass. The fungal cellulases include cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I; GH family 7A), cellobiohydrolase II (CBH II; GH family 6A), endoglucanase I (EG I; GH family 7B) and ß-glucosidase (ßG; GH family 3). Bacterial endocellulases (LC1 and LC2; GH family 5), ß-glucosidase (LßG; GH family 1), endoxylanases (LX1 and LX2; GH family 10) and ß-xylosidase (LßX; GH family 52) from multiple sources were cloned, expressed and purified as well. Enzymatic hydrolysis for various enzyme combinations was performed on Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) treated corn stover at various total protein loadings (30, 15 and 10 mg enzyme/g glucan). The optimal mass ratio of enzymes necessary for obtaining high glucan and xylan yields was determined using a suitable mixture design of experiments. The optimal hybrid enzyme mixtures contain fungal cellulases (78% of total protein loading), which include CBH I (loading ranging between 9-51% of total enzyme load), CBH II (9-51%), EG I (10-50%), and bacterial hemicellulases (22% of total protein loading) comprising of LXl (13%) and LßX (9%). The hybrid mixture works effectively at 50 °C and pH 4.5 to efficiently saccharify AFEX treated corn stover giving as high as 95% glucan and 65% xylan conversion, respectively. This strategy of screening enzyme mixtures on pretreated lignocellulose will ultimately help develop enzyme cocktails that can hydrolyze plant cell walls efficiently and economically to produce cellulosic ethanol.The final publication (Version of Record) is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-009-9066-
AN AB INITIO CALCULATION OF THE ROVIBRONIC ENERGIES OF THE MOLECULE
No full textW. P. KRAEMER, P. JENSEN, AND P. R. BUNKER, Can. J. Phys. 72, 871-878 (1994). P. JENSEN, M. BRUMM, W. P. KRAEMER, AND P. R. BUNKER, J. Mol. Spectrosc., in press. W. REUTER AND S. D. PEYERIMHOFF, Chem. Phys. 160, 11-24 (1992). M. RÖSSLEIN, C. M. GABRYS, M.-F. JAGOD, AND T. OKA, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 153, 738-740 (1992).Author Institution: Bergische Universität - Gesamthochschule Wuppertal, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany.; Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse, 1 Postfach 1523, D-85740 Garching, Germany.; National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6.In a recent we reported the results of an ab initi calculation of the vibronic (i.e., N = 0) energy levels of the molecular ion in both the and electronic states. These two electronic states become degenerate when the molecule is linear, and in the vibronic calculation we used the theory that we have given in another in order to allow for the effects of the electronic angular momentum in this situation (i.e., the Renner effect). In the present work we extend the calculation to include N > 0 rovibronic energies and we take into account the effect of spin-orbit coupling by using the ab initi value of the spin-orbit matrix element from Reuter and . The only experimental data available for come from a measurement of the fundamental band of the ground in which the vibrational term value was determined to be . In our ab initi calculation we obtain for this term value. Thus, to make our predictions as reliable as possible, we calculate the rovibronic energies after adjusting one parameter in the potential so that we fit the observed value of the vibrational term value. Using this slightly adjusted ab initi potential we predict a large number of rovibronic term values in the and states that have not yet been spectroscopically characterized, and we compare our results for the line positions and spin splittings in the band with the observations
Rediscovering the Theoretical Base of Records Management and Its Implications for Graduate Education: Searching for the New School of Information Studies
No full textIn the Fall 1992 issue of JELIS, Eugenia K. Brumm published a brief description of the graduate records management education program at the University of Texas at Austin Graduate School of Library and Information Science. Brumm attempts to demonstrate to library educators that they should support graduate records management education because it has a theoretical base that is shared with library science. While Brumm's goal is desirable, this article sets out to show that linking records management theory with the broader discipline of information science and its information resource management perspectives is a more fruitful and accurate approach. It will further show that the critical link between archives and records theory is central to records management education, while library science theory is only tangential to it. The author calls for two changes: (1) that information professionals and educators broaden their awareness beyond the library profession to include other information professions
and their disciplinary knowledge and theoretical bases and (2) the evolution of "new schools of information studies" will respect the need for independent degrees based on the distinct disciplinary knowledge that defines and supports each information
profession. He strongly endorses the development of graduate degree programs for the nonbibliographic information professions in the United States
Hemicellulases and auxiliary enzymes for improved conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to monosaccharides
No full textBackground
High enzyme loading is a major economic bottleneck for the commercial processing of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass to produce fermentable sugars. Optimizing the enzyme cocktail for specific types of pretreated biomass allows for a significant reduction in enzyme loading without sacrificing hydrolysis yield. This is especially important for alkaline pretreatments such as Ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) pretreated corn stover. Hence, a diverse set of hemicellulases supplemented along with cellulases is necessary for high recovery of monosaccharides.
Results
The core fungal cellulases in the optimal cocktail include cellobiohydrolase I [CBH I; glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 7A], cellobiohydrolase II (CBH II; GH family 6A), endoglucanase I (EG I; GH family 7B) and β-glucosidase (βG; GH family 3). Hemicellulases tested along with the core cellulases include xylanases (LX1, GH family 10; LX2, GH family 10; LX3, GH family 10; LX4, GH family 11; LX5, GH family 10; LX6, GH family 10), β-xylosidase (LβX; GH family 52), α-arabinofuranosidase (LArb, GH family 51) and α-glucuronidase (LαGl, GH family 67) that were cloned, expressed and/or purified from different bacterial sources. Different combinations of these enzymes were tested using a high-throughput microplate based 24 h hydrolysis assay. Both family 10 (LX3) and family 11 (LX4) xylanases were found to most efficiently hydrolyze AFEX pretreated corn stover in a synergistic manner. The optimal mass ratio of xylanases (LX3 and LX4) to cellulases (CBH I, CBH II and EG I) is 25:75. LβX (0.6 mg/g glucan) is crucial to obtaining monomeric xylose (54% xylose yield), while LArb (0.6 mg/g glucan) and LαGl (0.8 mg/g glucan) can both further increase xylose yield by an additional 20%. Compared with Accellerase 1000, a purified cocktail of cellulases supplemented with accessory hemicellulases will not only increase both glucose and xylose yields but will also decrease the total enzyme loading needed for equivalent yields.
Conclusions
A diverse set of accessory hemicellulases was found necessary to enhance the synergistic action of cellulases hydrolysing AFEX pretreated corn stover. High glucose (around 80%) and xylose (around 70%) yields were achieved with a moderate enzyme loading (~20 mg protein/g glucan) using an in-house developed cocktail compared to commercial enzymes.Peer reviewed
Leadership that enables: How long-term planning relates to followership
No full textThe dissertation describes research that investigated whether there is a relationship between leaders' long-term planning and enabling of followers. More specifically, the research collected survey data from an online panel of employees in organizations across America to determine whether their perception of their supervisors' long-term planning behavior showed a relationship to how they are enabled to be good followers or influenced to be poor followers. The research also examined whether these relationships changed as organization size changed. A Pearson correlation test found statistically significant, strong, and positive relationships between followers' perception of good long-term planning by their leaders and followers' assessments of whether they were enabled toward positive follower behavior. Statistically significant, strong, and positive relationships were also found between followers' perception of poor long-term planning by their leaders and followers' assessments of whether they were influenced toward negative follower behavior. However, it was found that organizational size was not a moderator of these relationships. The relationships found were correlations—no direct causation was sought or found. The author describes the general nature of the problem, presents the problem statement and the hypotheses, defines terms, discusses assumptions, provides a literature review, discusses methods and procedures, establishes the contribution to organizational leadership, and discusses the findings
