1,720,957 research outputs found
Effects of Mother-Based Promotion of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Duration and Severity of Diarrhoea and Pneumonia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe, 2013
No full textExclusive breastfeeding rates remain very low in most countries in sub Sahara Africa. We assessed the effects of a mother based intervention on duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia in communities that were trained and not trained in community infant and young child feeding (cIYCF) in the two districts in Midlands Province.
Methods:
We evaluated communities trained in cIYCF and or not trained and a mother based promotion of exclusive breastfeeding intervention (Newsletter) using a two-by-two factorial cluster randomized controlled trial. Consenting mother infant pairs identified within 72 hours of delivery were followed up at 14 and 20 weeks. Primary outcomes were duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia as well as severity of diarrhoea. Clusters were facility catchment areas assigned by an independent statistician using randomization generated by a computer in Stata 10. All admitting facilities and facilities at borders were excluded as buffer zones and eight clusters were analyzed: cIYCF- Newsletter (2 clusters, 90 mother infant pairs), cIYCF (88 mother infant pairs), Newsletter (92) and Control (87).
Results:
A total of 357 mother infant pairs (excluding twins) were available for analysis in all the clusters. The interaction between community infant and young child feeding training and the newsletter was statistically significant at 14 weeks (p = 0.022). The mean duration of diarrhoea was 2.9 days (SD = 0.9) among infants of mothers who resided in communities trained and received a newsletter compared to 5.2 days (SD = 1.1) in communities that received neither. The protective efficacy of the cIYCF plus newsletter was 76% during the first 20 weeks of life. In the two way ANOVA, the newsletter was more effective on duration of pneumonia (p = 0.010) at 14 weeks and remained significantly effective at 20 weeks (p <0.0001) while the preventive efficacy of the newsletter on pneumonia at 20 weeks was 74%.
Conclusion: A combined community and mother-based promotion of exclusive breastfeeding reduces duration of diarrhoea at 14 weeks and at 20 weeks the newsletter worked better for both duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia compared to cIYCF trainin
Effects of Mother-Based Promotion of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Duration and Severity of Diarrhoea and Pneumonia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe, 2013
No full textExclusive breastfeeding rates remain very low in most countries in sub Sahara Africa. We assessed the effects of a mother based intervention on duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia in communities that were trained and not trained in community infant and young child feeding (cIYCF) in the two districts in Midlands Province.
Methods:
We evaluated communities trained in cIYCF and or not trained and a mother based promotion of exclusive breastfeeding intervention (Newsletter) using a two-by-two factorial cluster randomized controlled trial. Consenting mother infant pairs identified within 72 hours of delivery were followed up at 14 and 20 weeks. Primary outcomes were duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia as well as severity of diarrhoea. Clusters were facility catchment areas assigned by an independent statistician using randomization generated by a computer in Stata 10. All admitting facilities and facilities at borders were excluded as buffer zones and eight clusters were analyzed: cIYCF- Newsletter (2 clusters, 90 mother infant pairs), cIYCF (88 mother infant pairs), Newsletter (92) and Control (87).
Results:
A total of 357 mother infant pairs (excluding twins) were available for analysis in all the clusters. The interaction between community infant and young child feeding training and the newsletter was statistically significant at 14 weeks (p = 0.022). The mean duration of diarrhoea was 2.9 days (SD = 0.9) among infants of mothers who resided in communities trained and received a newsletter compared to 5.2 days (SD = 1.1) in communities that received neither. The protective efficacy of the cIYCF plus newsletter was 76% during the first 20 weeks of life. In the two way ANOVA, the newsletter was more effective on duration of pneumonia (p = 0.010) at 14 weeks and remained significantly effective at 20 weeks (p <0.0001) while the preventive efficacy of the newsletter on pneumonia at 20 weeks was 74%.
Conclusion: A combined community and mother-based promotion of exclusive breastfeeding reduces duration of diarrhoea at 14 weeks and at 20 weeks the newsletter worked better for both duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia compared to cIYCF trainin
Effects of Mother-Based Promotion of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Duration and Severity of Diarrhoea and Pneumonia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe, 2013
No full textExclusive breastfeeding rates remain very low in most countries in sub Sahara Africa. We assessed the effects of a mother based intervention on duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia in communities that were trained and not trained in community infant and young child feeding (cIYCF) in the two districts in Midlands Province.
Methods:
We evaluated communities trained in cIYCF and or not trained and a mother based promotion of exclusive breastfeeding intervention (Newsletter) using a two-by-two factorial cluster randomized controlled trial. Consenting mother infant pairs identified within 72 hours of delivery were followed up at 14 and 20 weeks. Primary outcomes were duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia as well as severity of diarrhoea. Clusters were facility catchment areas assigned by an independent statistician using randomization generated by a computer in Stata 10. All admitting facilities and facilities at borders were excluded as buffer zones and eight clusters were analyzed: cIYCF- Newsletter (2 clusters, 90 mother infant pairs), cIYCF (88 mother infant pairs), Newsletter (92) and Control (87).
Results:
A total of 357 mother infant pairs (excluding twins) were available for analysis in all the clusters. The interaction between community infant and young child feeding training and the newsletter was statistically significant at 14 weeks (p = 0.022). The mean duration of diarrhoea was 2.9 days (SD = 0.9) among infants of mothers who resided in communities trained and received a newsletter compared to 5.2 days (SD = 1.1) in communities that received neither. The protective efficacy of the cIYCF plus newsletter was 76% during the first 20 weeks of life. In the two way ANOVA, the newsletter was more effective on duration of pneumonia (p = 0.010) at 14 weeks and remained significantly effective at 20 weeks (p <0.0001) while the preventive efficacy of the newsletter on pneumonia at 20 weeks was 74%.
Conclusion: A combined community and mother-based promotion of exclusive breastfeeding reduces duration of diarrhoea at 14 weeks and at 20 weeks the newsletter worked better for both duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia compared to cIYCF trainin
Effects of Mother-Based Promotion of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Duration and Severity of Diarrhea and Pneumonia: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Midlands Province, Zimbabwe, 2013
No full textIntroduction:
Exclusive breastfeeding rates remain very low in most countries in sub Sahara Africa. We assessed the effects of a mother based intervention on duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia in communities that were trained and not trained in community infant and young child feeding (cIYCF) in the two districts in Midlands Province.
Methods:
We evaluated communities trained in cIYCF and or not trained and a mother based promotion of exclusive breastfeeding intervention (Newsletter) using a two-by-two factorial cluster randomized controlled trial. Consenting mother infant pairs identified within 72 hours of delivery were followed up at 14 and 20 weeks. Primary outcomes were duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia as well as severity of diarrhoea. Clusters were facility catchment areas assigned by an independent statistician using randomization generated by a computer in Stata 10. All admitting facilities and facilities at borders were excluded as buffer zones and eight clusters were analyzed: cIYCF- Newsletter (2 clusters, 90 mother infant pairs), cIYCF (88 mother infant pairs), Newsletter (92) and Control (87).
Results:
A total of 357 mother infant pairs (excluding twins) were available for analysis in all the clusters. The interaction between community infant and young child feeding training and the newsletter was statistically significant at 14 weeks (p = 0.022). The mean duration of diarrhoea was 2.9 days (SD = 0.9) among infants of mothers who resided in communities trained and received a newsletter compared to 5.2 days (SD = 1.1) in communities that received neither. The protective efficacy of the cIYCF plus newsletter was 76% during the first 20 weeks of life. In the two way ANOVA, the newsletter was more effective on duration of pneumonia (p = 0.010) at 14 weeks and remained significantly effective at 20 weeks (p <0.0001) while the preventive efficacy of the newsletter on pneumonia at 20 weeks was 74%.
Conclusion: A combined community and mother-based promotion of exclusive breastfeeding reduces duration of diarrhoea at 14 weeks and at 20 weeks the newsletter worked better for both duration of diarrhoea and pneumonia compared to cIYCF training
Key words: cIYCF, exclusive breastfeeding, promotion, mother-base
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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