1,721,010 research outputs found
Iodine Concentration and Optimization in Computed Tomography Angiography
No full textComputed tomography (CT) technology has seen a dramatic evolution in the recent past that has deeply changed the face of this diagnostic modality. Since the early days of helical single-slice and then multislice CT, CT angiography (CTA) has been one of the most technically demanding applications, both in terms of scanning technique and contrast medium (CM) injection protocol, due to the need to acquire a large amount of high-resolution data over a limited period corresponding to the peak contrast enhancement of the arterial system. Iodine concentration is one of the main determinants of arterial enhancement in CTA, and current low-osmolar and iso-osmolar nonionic CM for intravascular administration still come in a handful of molecules, but a relatively wide range of different iodine concentrations. This gives the opportunity to optimize CTA protocols as a function of several factors such as patient characteristics, CT technology, and CM features in an attempt to maximize the diagnostic yield of CTA examinations while considering patient safety and avoiding unnecessary extra costs. Our aim is to provide an up-To-date overview of the existing evidence on how changing iodine concentration can have an impact on CTA performance, especially with the use of state-of-The-Art CT and power injector technology, in the perspective of improving patient carewhileminimizing overall exposure to iodinated CM and ionizing radiation
Imaging of adverse events related to checkpoint inhibitor therapy
Full text linkImmunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is becoming standard of practice for an increasing number of cancer types. ICIs enhance T-cell action against the cancer cells. By unbalancing the immune system ICIs may cause dysimmune toxicities, a series of disorders broadly defined immune-related adverse events (irAEs). IrAEs may affect any organ or apparatus and most frequently involve skin, colon, endocrine organs, liver, and lungs. Early identification and appropriate treatment of irAEs can improve patient outcome. The paper aims at reviewing mechanisms of the occurrence of irAEs, the importance of a proper diagnosis and the main pillars of therapy. To provide effective guidance to the comprehension of major irAEs imaging findings will be reviewed
Evidence-based Clinical Decision Support Systems for Suspected Pulmonary Embolism: Are We Ready to Go?
No full text
Evidence-based Clinical Decision Support Systems for Suspected Pulmonary Embolism: Are We Ready to Go?
No full textMR Image Analysis to Differentiate Salivary Gland Tumors. a Preliminary Study
No full textMagnetic resonance (MR) images can play a very important role to evaluate patients' diagnosis. In particular, there is an increasing interest in image processing and advanced texture analysis methods able to extract features from MR images that are not easily to percept by the human eye. Among many, Haralick's features have been strongly exploited referring to texture analysis of medical images. Therefore, in this paper, we have investigated Haralick's features computed from MR T2-weighted acquisitions in order to differentiate benign to malignant salivary gland tumors. The study has involved a total of 6 patients affected by salivary gland cancer: from the followup exams performed by radiologists, 3 patients have been identified as benign tumor affected while 3 patients as malignant one. Haralick's textural features are computed from normalized gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) considering four different spatial relationships. In this preliminary study all the 14 Haralick's textural features are investigated in our attempt to differentiate benign from malignant salivary gland tumors: the obtained results reveal that these textural features may be useful to point out the differences between the tumor's nature, helping the clinicians with the diagnosis routine of the disease
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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