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Conjugate addition of a phosphorus ylide to 3-cyanochromone
No full textReaction of 3-cyanochromane with methylenetriphenylphosphorane yields the stabilised ylide (4) by way of a conjugate addition and subsequent ring opening. Variable temperature H-1 NMR spectroscopy indicates that this ylide undergoes rapid conformational interconversion at ambient temperature. X-ray crystallography established that (4) exists as the (E) isomer in the solid state
Carbenoid induced irreversible ring opening of naphthopyrans
No full textContrary to expectation rhodium carbenoids do not undergo cycloaddition to the 2H-pyran unit of the isomeric naphthopyrans 3 and 5. With 3, a naphtho[2,1-b]pyran-8-ylacetate, 4 is formed and a novel merocyanine dye 6 results from a cycloaddition across the C-5-C-6 double bond of the naphtho[1,2-b]pyran 5. Tethering the carbenoid to the naphtho[1,2-b]pyran system 5, as in 10, results in a similar mode of addition and affords the intensely coloured tetracycle 11
Synthesis of some thiochromeno 4,3-c - and 3,4-c -pyrazoles
No full textReaction of 3-hydroxymethylene- and 3-cyanomethylene-thiochroman-4-ones with various hydrazine derivatives affords 4H-thiochromeno[4,3-c]pyrazoles. The novel isomeric thiochromeno[3,4-c]pyrazoles result when 4-(dimethylaminomethylene)thiochroman-3-ones react with methyl- and phenyl-hydrazines. Acidic hydrolysis of 3-(dimethylhydrazonoethylidene)-2,2,6-trimethylthiochroman-4-one yields the 3-cyanomethylenethiochroman-4-one. Formation of 6-chloro-3-hydroxymethylenethiochroman-4-one is accompanied by a thiochroman-3-yl(oxothiochromen-3-yl)methane derivative produced through a rearrangement-carbocation interception sequence. A 3-isopropenylthiochromenone, obtained by the acid promoted rearrangement of a 3-hydroxymethylenethiochroman-4-one, undergoes Diels-Alder cycloadditions to provide a new route to thioxanthenones
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Inhibition of the photochromic behaviour of a 3,3-diphenyl-3H-pyrano[3,2-f]quinoline ligand by coordination to Ag(I) ions
No full textThe synthesis and characterisation of a photoresponsive 3,3-diphenyl-3H-pyrano[3,2-f]quinoline ligand which contains both quinoline and thiazole N-donor moieties is described. This ligand acts as a bidentate N-donor ligand and the solid-state structure of a Ag(I) complex is reported. Whereas the free ligand exhibits typical photochromic behaviour, coordination with Ag(I) results in complete inhibition of the photochromic response. However, excitation wavelength dependent emission spectra demonstrated an increase in fluorescence response of the new Ag(I) complex
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