1,721,051 research outputs found
The clinical role of euthymia in mental health
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Sequential Combination of Pharmacotherapy and Psychotherapy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textImportance: The sequential model emerged from the awareness that the persistence of residual symptoms and the frequent occurrence of psychiatric comorbidity were both associated with poor long-term outcome of major depressive disorder (MDD). Objective: To conduct an updated meta-analysis to examine the association of the sequential combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy with reduced risk of relapse and recurrence in MDD. Data Sources: Keyword searches were conducted in PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception of each database through November 2019. Reference lists from relevant studies were examined using the following keywords: sequential treatment, drugs and psychotherapy, combined treatment, continuation or maintenance, relapse or recurrence and prevention, and depress∗ or major depress*, selecting adults and randomized controlled trials as additional limits. Authors of selected articles were contacted if needed. Study Selection: Randomized clinical trials examining the effectiveness of the sequential use of psychotherapy following response to acute-phase pharmacotherapy in the treatment of adult remitted patients with MDD were selected independently by 2 reviewers. Data Extraction and Synthesis: The methods used fulfilled the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Data extraction and methodologic quality assessment were conducted independently by the reviewers. Examination of the pooled results was performed based on the random-effects model. Heterogeneity between study results and likelihood of significant publication bias were assessed. Sensitivity analyses and meta-regressions were also run. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome measures were relapse or recurrence rates of MDD, as defined by study investigators, at the longest available follow-up. Results: Seventeen randomized clinical trials met criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis, with 1 study yielding 2 comparisons (2283 patients overall, with 1208 patients in a sequential treatment arm and 1075 in a control arm). The pooled risk ratio for relapse/recurrence of MDD was 0.84 (95% CI, 0.74-0.94), suggesting a relative advantage in preventing relapse/recurrence for the sequential combination of treatments compared with control conditions. Conclusions and Relevance: The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that the sequential integration of psychotherapy following response to acute-phase pharmacotherapy, alone or combined with antidepressant medication, was associated with reduced risk of relapse and recurrence in MDD. The preventive value of the sequential strategy relies on abatement of residual symptoms and/or increase in psychological well-being. The steps for implementing the sequential approach in remitted patients with recurrent MDD are provided
The emerging role of euthymia in psychotherapy research and practice
No full textEuthymia is generally conceived in negative terms (absence of psychiatric disorders), yet it may also indicate a trans-diagnostic construct where lack of mood disturbances is associated with positive affects and psychological well-being (flexibility, consistency and resilience). Specific strategies for the assessment of euthymia are available, including both observer- and self-rated instruments that may be applied within a clinimetric framework encompassing macro-analysis and staging. Self-observation of psychological distress in a diary is the basic, neglected method of cognitive and behavioral strategies. Self-observation of instances of well-being may become the source of psychotherapeutic work geared to euthymia, combined with cognitive restructuring, homework assignments and clinical interaction. Well-Being Therapy (WBT) specifically pursues this approach. It may be incorporated in a therapeutic plan based on clinical reasoning and case formulation. The target of euthymia may also be accomplished by other psychotherapeutic strategies, such as mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. Clinical applications encompass decreasing vulnerability to relapse, increasing the level of recovery and modulating mood. The practice of self-observation of psychological well-being in a diary, as manualized in WBT, may trigger important developments in clinical assessment and in other psychotherapeutic techniques geared to a state of euthymia
Conceptual and Clinical Innovations of Well-being Therapy
No full textThe evidence supporting the use of well-being therapy (WBT), a specific psychotherapeutic strategy for modulating psychological well-being, and its specific contribution when it is combined with other psychotherapeutic techniques is still limited. However, the insights gained by the use of WBT may unravel innovative approaches to assessment and treatment of mood and anxiety disorders. An important characteristic of WBT is self-observation of psychological well-being associated with specific homework. Another important feature of WBT is the assumption that imbalances in well-being and distress may vary from one illness to another, and from patient to patient. A final characteristic is its reference to the concept of euthymia, where lack of mood disturbances is associated with positive affect and psychological well-being (flexibility, consistency, and resilience). Progress can be achieved by modifying our clinical approach to mental disorders, and by promoting self-observation of psychological well-being and the pursuit of a state of euthymia
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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