1,721,253 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A Low-Latency Initial Access Technique for next 5G Systems
No full textNext 5G of mobile wireless systems is expected to employ mmWave antenna arrays at both user-equipment (UE) and base station (BS) side, with the possibility to precisely focus the power on the desired spatial directions and boost communications-based applications at an unprecedented scale. On the other side, the initial access (IA) procedure might entail a high latency due to the need of the BS to scan the surrounding space in order to detect new UEs. In this paper we consider a stand-alone 5G system capable to exploit the memory of past UEs detection to speed-up the IA process for new UEs entering the area. In particular, it considers the creation of a knowledge database that accounts for the UE received power and for both the beamsteering and half power beamwidth (HPBW) set at the BS. Numerical results show that the proposed procedure allows to reduce the average number of scans with respect to traditional approaches adopted in the literature, while preserving the same detection performance
On the New Social Relations around and beyond Food. Analysing Consumers’ Role and Action in Gruppi di Acquisto Solidale (Solidarity Purchasing Groups)
No full textThis article aims at analysing the features and the dynamics of those alternative agri-food networks in which consumers act as initiators. Drawing on a survey of ongoing initiatives at national level and on evidence from empirical fieldwork in a specific territorial context showing a variegated and dynamic reality at this regard (Tuscany), the article analyses consumers' evolving attitudes and behaviour, around and even beyond food, unfolding during their involvement in these initiatives. In particular, it focuses on the experience of the solidarity-based purchasing groups, consumers' organisations promoted by groups of citizens aiming at getting control of the food they consume. Using an actor–network perspective, the article analyses how purchasing and consumption routines change when consumers join these initiatives. The article also discusss the potential of these initiatives as drivers of change along with the following questions: to what extent do these initiatives challenge dominant food practices and system governance? On what basis are these initiatives sustainable and are replicable in different contexts? How can they foster other forms of civic engagement? In this regard, the article tests a transition management approach, considering solidarity-based purchasing groups as socio-technical niches within broader socio-technical regimes in a macro landscape characterised by the globalisation of the food system. In particular, it analyses the critical points where niches enter in conflict with existing socio-technical regimes, and the way in which these groups act to remove legal, technological and cultural barriers to their development
Implementing type theory in higher order constraint logic programming
No full textIn this paper, we are interested in high-level programming languages to implement the core components of an interactive theorem prover for a dependently typed language: the kernel - responsible for type-checking closed terms - and the elaborator - that manipulates open terms, that is terms containing unresolved unification variables.In this paper, we confirm that rolog, the language developed by Miller and Nadathur since the 80s, is extremely suitable for implementing the kernel. Indeed, we easily obtain a type checker for the Calculus of Inductive Constructions (CIC). Even more, we do so in an incremental way by escalating a checker for a pure type system to the full CIC.We then turn our attention to the elaborator with the objective to obtain a simple implementation thanks to the features of the programming language. In particular, we want to use Prolog's unification variables to model the object language ones. In this way, scope checking, carrying of assignments and occur checking are handled by the programming language.We observe that the eager generative semantics inherited from Prolog clashes with this plan. We propose an extension to Prolog that allows to control the generative semantics, suspend goals over flexible terms turning them into constraints, and finally manipulate these constraints at the meta-meta level via constraint handling rules.We implement the proposed language extension in the Embedded Lambda Prolog Interpreter system and we discuss how it can be used to extend the kernel into an elaborator for CIC
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