10,149 research outputs found
Trends in incidence of breast cancer among women under 40 in seven European countries: a GRELL cooperative study
No full textYoung women are not usually screened for breast cancer (BC). The trends in incidence in this population may better reflect changes in risk factors. However, studies on this subject are scarce and heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to describe the trends in incidence of BC in women under 40 from 1990 to 2008, using pooled European data. Thirty-seven European population-based cancer registries from Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Switzerland participated in this study. World age-standardized incidence rates were first analyzed graphically and then using a Poisson regression model, in order to estimate average annual percent changes (AAPCs). The overall incidence rate of BC in the area covered increased linearly during the study period by 1.19% (0.93; 1.46) on average per year. This increase varied between countries from 0.20% (-0.53; 0.64) in Bulgaria to 2.68% (1.97; 3.40) in Portugal. In Italy, after a significant rise of 2.33% (1.14; 3.54) per year, BC incid...Young women are not usually screened for breast cancer (BC). The trends in incidence in this population may better reflect changes in risk factors. However, studies on this subject are scarce and heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to describe the trends in incidence of BC in women under 40 from 1990 to 2008, using pooled European data. Thirty-seven European population-based cancer registries from Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Switzerland participated in this study. World age-standardized incidence rates were first analyzed graphically and then using a Poisson regression model, in order to estimate average annual percent changes (AAPCs). The overall incidence rate of BC in the area covered increased linearly during the study period by 1.19% (0.93; 1.46) on average per year. This increase varied between countries from 0.20% (-0.53; 0.64) in Bulgaria to 2.68% (1.97; 3.40) in Portugal. In Italy, after a significant rise of 2.33% (1.14; 3.54) per year, BC incidence began decreasing in 2002 by -2.30% (-4.07; -0.50) yearly. The rise in incidence was greater for women under 35 and for ductal carcinomas. This increase can be due to a rise in risk factors and/or changes in diagnosis and surveillance practices, but we could not clearly distinguish between these two non-exclusive explanations
Cancer expected relative survival in Italian regions and provinces: comparison between regional and provincial models based on socio-economic variables and health resources
No full textINTRODUCTION -The ISES Working Group built models for calculating regional and provincial expected relative survival in Italy using demographic, socio-economic and health resources variables (SEH).
OBJECTIVES - The aim is to compare the contents of provincial and regional SERTS models in terms of variables which influence the expected relative survival for the main considered cancer sites and to validate the results.
MATERIALS AND METHODS - The 5-years relative survival (RS-5%) of 1995-1999 patients’ cohorts was considered for all
cancers (but non melanoma skin cancers) and the most levant sites (e.g. colon-rectum, prostate, breast). The SEH are collected at the regional and provincial levels for 1995-2005 period. The principal components factor analysis on SEH extracted two groups of factors, used in multiple linear regression models to compute expected RS-5% at the regional and provincial levels.
RESULTS - The extraction of two groups of factors (composed by different SEH) developed the 86% of variance at the egional level and the 73% at the provincial one. The two groups have produced two sets of regression factorial models for each of the considered cancer sites at both geographical levels. The models present good correlations, particularly for all cancers and colon-rectum, stomach, lung, kidney and NHL in both sexes, prostate in men and breast, cervix and melanoma in women. The models allow the calculation of expected RS-5% very similar to the observed RS-5% of the same area. The homogeneity between provincial expected RS-5% and the one of the same region seems to validate the results. The comparison between the observed and expected provincial survival in the regions completely covered by CRs (Veneto, Friuli Venezia-Giulia, Romagna, Umbria) will be the next validation step.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS - The differences in the groups of factors express the different role in deciding of the regional and provincial administrative levels in allocating and using resources for diagnosis and treatment. The calculation of expected RS-5% seems to produce encouraging results and can explain the differences in outcome and the characteristics of resources management, allowing the calculation even in those areas where no CR works
Variation of Cancer Incidence between and within GRELL Countries.
No full textVariation in cancer incidence between countries and groups of countries has been well studied. However cancer incidence is linked to risk factors that may vary within countries, and may subsist in localized geographic areas. In this study we investigated between- and within-country variation in the incidence of all cancers combined for countries belonging to the Group for Cancer Epidemiology and Registration in Latin Language Countries (GRELL). We hypothesized that investigation at the micro-level (circumscribed regions and local cancer registry areas) would reveal incidence variations not evident at the macro level and allow identification of cancer incidence hotspots for research, public health, and to fight social inequalities. Data for all cancers diagnosed in 2008-2012 were extracted from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Vol XI. Incidence variation within a country or region was quantified as r/R, defined as the difference between the highest and lowest incidence rates for cancer registries within a country/region (r), divided by the incidence rate for the entire country/region × 100. We found that the area with the highest male incidence had an ASRw 4.3 times higher than the area with the lowest incidence. The area with the highest female incidence had an ASRw 3.3 times higher than the area with the lowest incidence. Areas with the highest male ASRws were Azores (Portugal), Florianopolis (Brazil), Metropolitan France, north Spain, Belgium, and north-west and north-east Italy. Areas with the highest female ASRws were Florianopolis (Brazil), Belgium, north-west Italy, north-east Italy, central Italy, Switzerland and Metropolitan France. Our analysis has shown that cancer incidence varies markedly across GRELL countries but also within several countries: the presence of several areas with high cancer incidence suggests the presence of area-specific risk factors that deserve further investigation
Variation of Cancer Incidence between and within GRELL Countries
No full textVariation in cancer incidence between countries and groups of countries has been well studied. However cancer incidence is linked to risk factors that may vary within countries, and may subsist in localized geographic areas. In this study we investigated between- and within-country variation in the incidence of all cancers combined for countries belonging to the Group for Cancer Epidemiology and Registration in Latin Language Countries (GRELL). We hypothesized that investigation at the micro-level (circumscribed regions and local cancer registry areas) would reveal incidence variations not evident at the macro level and allow identification of cancer incidence hotspots for research, public health, and to fight social inequalities. Data for all cancers diagnosed in 2008–2012 were extracted from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Vol XI. Incidence variation within a country or region was quantified as r/R, defined as the difference between the highest and lowest incidence rates for cancer registries within a country/region (r), divided by the incidence rate for the entire country/region × 100. We found that the area with the highest male incidence had an ASRw 4.3 times higher than the area with the lowest incidence. The area with the highest female incidence had an ASRw 3.3 times higher than the area with the lowest incidence. Areas with the highest male ASRws were Azores (Portugal), Florianopolis (Brazil), Metropolitan France, north Spain, Belgium, and north-west and north-east Italy. Areas with the highest female ASRws were Florianopolis (Brazil), Belgium, north-west Italy, north-east Italy, central Italy, Switzerland and Metropolitan France. Our analysis has shown that cancer incidence varies markedly across GRELL countries but also within several countries: the presence of several areas with high cancer incidence suggests the presence of area-specific risk factors that deserve further investigation
Cancer in middle aged adults and in the elderly: correspondence among incidence, mortality and survival time trends in Italy.
No full textcancer incidence, mortality and survival time trends in middle aged adults and in the elderl
Magnetic resonance imaging of pelvic floor dysfunction - joint recommendations of the ESUR and ESGAR Pelvic Floor Working Group
No full textObjective: To develop recommendations that can be used as guidance for standardized approach regarding indications, patient preparation, sequences acquisition, interpretation and reporting of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosis and grading of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). Methods: The technique included critical literature between 1993 and 2013 and expert consensus about MRI protocols by the pelvic floor-imaging working group of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) and the European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR) from one Egyptian and seven European institutions. Data collection and analysis were achieved in 5 consecutive steps. Eighty-two items were scored to be eligible for further analysis and scaling. Agreement of at least 80 % was defined as consensus finding. Results: Consensus was reached for 88 % of 82 items. Recommended reporting template should include two main sections for measurements and grading. The pubococcygeal line (PCL) is recommended as the reference line to measure pelvic organ prolapse. The recommended grading scheme is the “Rule of three” for Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP), while a rectocele and ARJ descent each has its specific grading system. Conclusion: This literature review and expert consensus recommendations can be used as guidance for MR imaging and reporting of PFD. Key points: • These recommendations highlight the most important prerequisites to obtain a diagnostic PFD-MRI.• Static, dynamic and evacuation sequences should be generally performed for PFD evaluation.• The recommendations were constructed through consensus among 13 radiologists from 8 institutions. © 2016 The Author(s
Data Quality and Standards
No full textThe Data Quality and Standards Working Group determined where current administrative data quality standards exist and where additional guidance are needed. The group used a hypothetical example to illustrate how improved data quality can make administrative data research better.
Chair and Lead Author: Amy O\u27Hara (Stanford University)https://repository.upenn.edu/admindata_reports/1001/thumbnail.jp
Data Sharing Governance and Management
No full textThe Data Sharing Governance and Management Working Group focused on data intermediaries that help to expand access to administrative data for a broad range of researchers. The group interviewed 11 data intermediaries and identified 9 unique functions that they serve to facilitate the data sharing process between data providers and researchers.
Chair: Ken Poole (Center for Regional and Economic Competitiveness)Lead Author: Monica King (ADRF Network)https://repository.upenn.edu/admindata_reports/1002/thumbnail.jp
Communicating about Data Privacy and Security
No full textThe working group on Communicating about Data Privacy and Security identified six core stages of the administrative data research lifecycle and developed a framework for how researchers can conduct stakeholder engagement throughout the research lifecycle.
Co-Chair and Lead Author: Kelsey Finch (Future of Privacy Forum)Co-Chair: Jules Polonetsky (Future of Privacy Forum)https://repository.upenn.edu/admindata_reports/1003/thumbnail.jp
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