6,244 research outputs found
Increased gray matter volumes in lithium-treated bipolar disorder patients
No full textLithium's neurotrophic effects have been reported in several in vitro and ex vivo studies. Preliminary human studies with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy have recently provided evidence of lithium-induced increases in gray matter volumes and N-acetyl-aspartate levels. In order to further examine the hypothesis that lithium treatment would relate to detectable increases in gray matter brain content, we blindly measured gray and white matter volumes in MRI images of 12 untreated and 17 lithium-treated bipolar patients and 46 healthy controls. Using multivariate analysis of covariance with age and gender as covariates, we found that total gray matter volumes were significantly increased in lithium-treated (747.9 +/- 69.8 cm(3)) compared with untreated patients (639.2 +/- 91.2 cm(3); F = 10.6; d.f. = 1, 25; P = 0.003) and healthy individuals (675.8 +/- 61.8 cm(3); F = 17.4; d.f. = 1, 59; P < 0.001), suggesting in vivo effects of lithium on gray matter, which could possibly reflect lithium's neurotrophic effects
Anti-inflammatory role of the murine formyl-peptide receptor 2: ligand-specific effects on leukocyte responses and experimental inflammation.Dufton N, Hannon R, Brancaleone V, Dalli J, Patel HB, Gray M, D'Acquisto F, Buckingham JC, Perretti M, Flower RJ.
No full textNew Caledonian Crows Learn the Functional Properties of Novel Tool Types
No full textPubMed ID: 22194779This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
P/Q-type calcium-channel blockade in the periaqueductal gray facilitates trigeminal nociception: a functional genetic link for migraine?
No full textThe discovery of mis-sense mutations in the alpha1A subunit of the P/Q-type calcium channel in patients with familial hemiplegic migraine indicates the potential involvement of dysfunctional ion channels in migraine. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) region of the brainstem modulates craniovascular nociception and, through its role in the descending pain modulation system, may contribute to migraine pathophysiology. In this study we sought to investigate the possible link between the genetic mutations found in migraineurs and the PAG as a modulator of craniovascular nociception. We microinjected the P/Q-type calcium-channel blocker omega-agatoxin IVA into the rat ventrolateral PAG (vlPAG). We examined its effect on the nociceptive transmission of second-order neurons recorded in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis and activated by stimulation of the parietal dura mater. After injection of agatoxin into the vlPAG (n = 20) responses to dural stimulation were facilitated by 143% (p < 0.0001) for Adelta-fiber activity and 180% for C-fiber activity (p < 0.05). Similarly, spontaneous background activity increased by 163% (p < 0.0001). These results demonstrate that P/Q-type calcium channels in the PAG play a role in modulating trigeminal nociception and suggest a role for dysfunctional P/Q-type calcium channels in migraine pathophysiology.<br/
Illness duration and total brain gray matter in bipolar disorder: evidence for neurodegeneration?
No full textPrevious studies have suggested that bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with alterations in neuronal plasticity, but the effects of the progression of illness on brain anatomy have been poorly investigated. We studied the correlation between length of illness, age, age at onset, and the number of previous episodes and total brain, total gray, and total white matter volumes in BD, unipolar (UP) and healthy control (HC) subjects. Thirty-six BD, 31 UP and 55 HCs underwent a 1.5 T brain magnetic resonance imaging scan, and gray and white matter volumes were manually traced blinded to the subjects' diagnosis. Partial correlation analysis showed that length of illness was inversely correlated with total gray matter volume after adjusting for total intracranial volume in BD (r(p)= -0.51; p=0.003) but not in UP subjects (r(p)= -0.23; p=0.21). Age at illness onset and the number of previous episodes were not significantly correlated with gray matter volumes in BD or UP subjects. No significant correlation with total white matter volume was observed. These results suggest that the progression of illness may be associated with abnormal cellular plasticity. Prospective longitudinal studies are necessary to elucidate the long-term effects of illness progression on brain structure in major mood disorders
Correlation of the success index with JC.
No full text<p>Pearson’s r and p-value.</p><p>*: p-value below smallest representable number</p><p>Correlation of the success index with JC.</p
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pengelola Barang/Inventaris Di Jc Komp
No full textInventory information system is a system used to enter inventory data into the database, so that there are no errors in input, output data, and reporting based on the desired data. based on surveys and interviews with jc comp personnel, information was obtained that the existing system in the jc comp warehouse section is still manual. therefore, the system that will be created by the author is the result of a replication of the existing system in the jc comp warehouse section. in addition to the process of input and output of goods, this information system is also equipped with features for creating data reports, input and output of goods, and searching for goods data by item name. with the inventory information system is expected to be useful for the warehouse parts jc comp. By implementing this system in the jc comp warehouse, it is hoped that it can reduce errors that may occur. this system is also expected to further speed up the process of input, output, and report generation, which in turn will help the jc comp warehouseSistem Informasi Persediaan Barang adalah sebuah sistem yang digunakan untuk memasukkan data-data persediaan barang ke dalam database, sehinggga tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam input, output data, dan pembuatan laporan berdasarkan data yang diinginkan. Berdasarkan survey dan wawancara dengan bagian personalia Jc Komp, didapatkan informasi bahwa sistem yang ada dibagian gudang Jc Komp masih manual. Oleh karena itu, sistem yang akan dibuat oleh penulis adalah hasil replikasi dari sistem yang telah ada dibagian gudang Jc Comp. Selain proses input dan output barang, pada sistem informasi ini juga dilengkapi fitur pembuatan laporan data, input, dan output barang, dan pencarian data barang berdasarkan nama barang. Dengan adanya Sistem Informasi persediaan barang ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi bagian gudang Jc Komp. Dengan diterapkannya sistem ini pada bagian gudang Jc Comp, maka diharapkan dapat mengurangi kesalahan-kesalahan yang mungkin terjadi. Sistem ini juga diharapkan dapat lebih mempercepat proses input, output, dan pembuatan laporan yang pada akhirnya dapat membantu bagian gudang Jc Komp
Connectivity Fingerprinting of Gray Matter
No full textDiffusion tractography-based fingerprinting of gray matter is an emerging method, enabling insight into individual connectional, and thus functional, parcelation of cortex and deep gray using non-invasive MR imaging in living human subjects. The ability to identify functionally distinct gray matter regions opens new perspectives for neuroscience for applications as diverse as delineating targets for interference studies, investigating potentially distinct regions within a single anatomical area, defining likely remote sites of deafferentiation in stroke, or localizing targets in a clinical context for presurgical planning. In this chapter, we will introduce the methods currently applied, and review studies successfully applying this recent technique. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Establish Using FEM Method of Constitutive Model for Chip Formation in the Cutting Process of Gray Cast Iron
No full textThe constitutive equation of mechanics, namely the stress–strain model of the material, is used to describe the mathematical expression of the mechanical properties of the material (stress–strain–intensity–time relationship). In the cutting simulation of metals, the material constitutive model needs to be established. To study the cutting mechanism of gray cast iron using the finite element method (FEM), a series of split Hopkinson press bar (SHPB) tests are carried out to achieve the stress–strain curves of gray cast iron under different strain rates and temperatures. In the cutting simulation of gray cast iron, the Johnson–Cook (JC) constitutive equation is used to reflect the mechanical behavior during the cutting process. The calculation of JC constants is analyzed deeply and obtained from the SHPB test data. One orthogonal finite element model is developed with the JC material model to reveal the cutting mechanism of gray cast iron. The chip formation, stress distribution, temperature distribution, and cutting force are investigated through the cutting simulation. At the same time, cutting experiments of gray cast iron are carried out for validating the simulation results. The results of the cutting simulation and experiments show a good agreement
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