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Un incubatore per le arti. Fondazione Golinelli a Bologna
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Testing the impact of agricultural practices on protist and metazoan communities in rice paddy soils through environmental DNA
Full text linkSoil is a fundamental environment hosting a high biodiversity and enclosing numerous microhabitats. Multiple studies have proved that the adoption of more sustainable practices in crop cultivation results in improved soil biodiversity conservation, whereas conventional agronomic practices can have detrimental impacts on soil attributes. Besides, rice is a major staple food and at the same time, the landscape heterogeneity within its agroecosystem is of fundamental need for several different organisms linked permanently or temporarily to water.
In this study, we used an environmental DNA metabarcoding approach targeting two different genes, the 18S rRNA and the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI), aiming to assess the changes in the protist and metazoan soil communities and their functional diversity under three different rice cultivation managements (i.e. agroforestry, organic and conventional), and along four stages of the rice growth cycle (i.e. basal, vegetative, flowering and maturation phases).
Results showed that the most abundant phyla in the rice paddy soil were Cercozoa and Ciliophora for protists, and Annelida, Nematoda and Arthropoda for metazoan. In particular, Cercozoa were abundant in the agroforestry cropping system, while Ciliophora showed higher abundance in control cover crop field. Annelida were more abundant in the conventional cultivation regime, while both Nematoda and Arthropoda were less abundant, with a significant increase in the organic and agroforestry regimes. Considering the taxonomical and functional diversities, slight differences among treatments were identified both in protists and in metazoans because of the combined effect of agricultural management and the succession of drying-flooding phases during the growing season.
The community’s beta diversity described a positive effect of the organic and agroforestry cropping systems, highly dissimilar from the community found in the conventional rice field. Soil physical-chemical properties did not differ significantly from one treatment to another. This study broadens our understanding of the effects of agricultural practices on the biodiversity inhabiting the soil in rice agroecosystems, highlighting the positive impact of organic and agro-forestry management as suitable environments for the rice soil biocenosis. It also contributes to emphasizing the importance of soil biodiversity conservation and the benefits of redesigning agricultural practices
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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