125,504 research outputs found
Development of the Treasury of the International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies
No full textThe Development of the Statutes of the Congress, of the International Council(ICO) and of the International Federation of Ophthalmological Societies (IFOS) 1862-2010
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Sleep and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical activity : biological processes associated with psychosocial adjustment during childhood and adolescence
No full textABSTRACT: Sleep and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) activity are two biological processes that play a vital role for physical and mental health as well as general well-being. The aim of this cumulative dissertation containing three studies is to complement and extend existing research on the role of sleep and the HPA activity for psychosocial adjustment during childhood and adolescence, as well as in very preterm children and to further extend knowledge on in-home PSG sleep. Taken together, findings showed that less restorative sleep and a shorter sleep duration were associated with poorer psychosocial adjustment during mid- dle childhood and adolescence. A meditational model further showed that less restorative sleep partially accounted for poorer psychosocial adjustment in very preterm children. In ado- lescence, the association of sleep and psychosocial adjustment was mediated by daytime tiredness and behavioral persistence and furthermore, a delayed school start time was associ- ated with longer sleep duration and less daytime tiredness. Additionally, a blunted HPA activ- ity was related to more externalizing problems. Although very preterm children showed a faster decline in evening cortisol levels compared to full-term children, HPA activity did not mediate the association between prematurity and psychosocial adjustment. Furthermore, find- ings showed that sleep assessed via in-home PSG remained stable over one and a half years and thus indicated that in-home PSG constitutes a reliable measure of childrenÕs habitual sleep. The present dissertation emphasizes the importance of restorative and sufficient sleep for psychosocial adjustment during middle childhood and adolescents and even more so in very preterm children representing a population of children at risk for poor psychosocial ad- justment
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Peter A. Gloor*, Rob Laubacher
No full textThis paper describes a visual social browser for exploring the evolution of social networks over time. We consider the exchange of e-mails between actors as an approximation of social ties. Our system analyzes the dynamic progression of communication patterns of e-mail traffic within groups of individuals. It combines a discrete visualization view, a continuous visualization view, and an adjacency matrix view. The goal of our work is to develop a framework of visual temporal communication patterns of different types of collaborative knowledge networks. As a first application, our tool is used to analyze communication patterns and make recommendations for improved productivity in innovation communities in an emerging management consulting practice
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