1,721,044 research outputs found
Assessment of immune system function in schizophrenic and depressed patients treated with ω-3 fatty acids
No full textHeme oxygenase and cyclooxygenase in the central nervous system: a functional interplay
No full textAbstract Heme oxygenase (HO) and cyclooxygenase (COX) are two hemeproteins involved in the regulation of several functions in the nervous system. Heme oxygenase is the enzyme responsible for the degradation of heme into ferrous iron, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin, the latter being further reduced in bilirubin (BR) by biliverdin reductase. Heme oxygenase-derived CO is a gaseous neuromodulator and plays an important role in the synaptic plasticity, learning and memory processes, as well as in the regulation of hypothalamic neuropeptide release, whereas BR is an endogenous molecules with antioxidant and anti-nitrosative activities. Cyclooxygenase is considered a pro-inflammatory enzyme as free radicals and prostaglandins (PGs) are produced during its catalytic cycle. Although PGs are also involved in a variety of physiologic conditions including angiogenesis, hemostasis, or regulation of kidney function, upregulation of COX and increase in PGs levels are a common feature of neuroinflammation. In the brain, a functional interplay exists between HO and COX. Heme oxygenase regulates COX activity by reducing the intracellular heme content or by generating CO, which stimulates PGE(2) release. Increased levels of PGs, free radicals, and the associated oxidative stress serve in the brain as a trigger for the induction of HO isoforms which increases cellular antioxidant defenses to counteract oxidative damage. The importance of the interaction between HO and COX in the regulation of physiologic brain functions, and its relevance to neuroprotective or neurodegenerative mechanisms are discussed
Studio del metabolismo energetico e dell'omeostasi del calcio in pazienti affetti dalle forme sporadica e familiare di sclerosi laterale amiotrofica
No full textDottorato di ricerca in neurobiologia. 12. ciclo. A.a. 1998-99. Coordinatore Anna Maria Giuffrida Stella. Supervisore Daniela CurtiConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Biblioteca Centrale - P.le Aldo Moro, 7, Rome; Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale - Piazza Cavalleggeri, 1, Florence / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle RichercheSIGLEITItal
Regulation of cytochrome c oxidase and FoF1-ATPase subunits expression in rat brain during aging
No full textIn the present study we analyzed the age-dependent changes of mRNA levels for cytochrome c oxidase and FoF1-ATP synthase subunits in rat cerebral cortex and cerebellum. To establish whether the regulation of expression is transcriptional or post-transcriptional, the results were compared to those related to protein subunits levels, of the same enzymatic complexes, previously observed. The different patterns of age-related changes of mRNA subunits, in particular the lower increments, compared with those related to protein subunits, indicate that post-transcriptional mechanisms of regulation might be involved in the coordinated expression of the various subunits of each complex. Northern blotting analyses of RNA from the cerebellum of rats at the various ages, showed also differences in age-dependent patterns of transcription between cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Moreover, the major age-dependent changes of mitochondrial-encoded subunits, compared with the nuclear-encoded ones, previously observed at proteins level, occur also during transcriptio
Age-related chances of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase and F(0)F(1)-ATP synthase subunit contents in rat cerebral cortex
No full textThe levels of subunits I, II/III, and IV of cytochrome c oxidase and of subunits alpha. beta and gamma of F(0)F(1)-ATP synthase in inner mitochondrial membrane proteins purified from cerebral cortex of rat at 2, 6, 12, 18, 24, 26 months of age were analyzed by Western blot. Age-related changes in the content of subunits, encoded either in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA, were observe
Superoxide dismutase and cytochrome oxidase activities in light and heavy synaptic mitochondria from rat cerebral cortex during aging
No full textThe specific activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and cytochrome oxidase (COX) in light and heavy synaptic mitochondria from rat cerebral cortex at different ages (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 months) have been measured. The specific activity of COX was significantly higher in light synaptic mitochondria than in heavy ones at all ages examined. However, no significant difference during aging was shown. A marked decrease of SOD in light and heavy synaptic mitochondria during aging was observe
Stress ossidativo nel sistema nervoso centrale e patologie neurodegenerative
No full textDottorato di ricerca in neurobiologia. 8. ciclo. A.a. 1994-95. Coordinatore A. M. Giuffrida Stella. Tutore F. MarzaticoConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Biblioteca Centrale - P.le Aldo Moro, 7, Rome; Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale - P.za Cavalleggeri, 1, Florence / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle RichercheSIGLEITItal
Studio delle modificazioni del flusso ematico cerebrale nel corso di attivazione cerebrale: aspetti metodologici ed applicazioni cliniche
No full textDottorato di ricerca in neurobiologia. 8. ciclo. Coordinatore A. M. Giuffrida Stella. Tutore S. RuggieriConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Biblioteca Centrale - P.le Aldo Moro, 7, Rome; Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale - P.za Cavalleggeri, 1, Florence / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle RichercheSIGLEITItal
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