1,720,995 research outputs found
Riconversione e identità urbana
No full textDal dopoguerra il ruolo della città è mutato notevolmente ed in modo vertiginoso; il passaggio dal modello “industriale” a quello “terziario” ha portato numerosi cambiamenti causando, tra i vari problemi, la perdita della consapevolezza del valore e del significato di “città”. Questa privazione del concetto è stata anche il frutto di una “attenzione”, in passato, rivolta solo verso il nuovo, negando od offuscando la città esistente, quale elemento di fastidio. Una “città ombrosa” da far rivivere, dandogli una nuova qualità, solo attraverso la sua trasformazione in una “città radiosa”, in cui l’esistente dovesse fare spazio indiscriminatamente al nuovo. In questo senso la stessa disciplina del restauro è riservata quasi esclusivamente ai monumenti, mentre l’interesse preminente verso la città “antica” è quello di adeguarla o trasformarla in città “moderna”, lasciando in vista solo alcuni “elementi eccezionali” quali opere della memoria. Talvolta, lentamente e limitatamente, il restauro si estende dal singolo monumento al contesto urbano, ma in prevalenza come operazione di “risanamento”. Quindi riprende la consapevolezza dell’esistente nella sua unitarietà, con una nuova considerazione del ruolo del centro storico, inizialmente con un po’ di debolezza, ma che acquista vigore anche grazie al Convegno di Gubbio che determina il passaggio dalla coscienza del passato alla necessità della sua salvaguardia, intesa non più come singolo episodio, ma come complessità di tutta la città consolidata. Si pone quindi una nuova attenzione verso il centro storico che ne è l’indiscusso protagonista, determinando i primi dibattiti su quale fossero i suoi confini, o quale il periodo a cui riferirsi per definirlo tale e per considerare conclusa la sua stratificazione. In molti casi si ritiene che elemento significativo sia il passaggio all’epoca industriale. Infatti fino a tale periodo le trasformazioni della città avevano una ridotta velocità, e solo dopo la seconda guerra mondiale le città hanno avuto la maggiore crescita. Da questo aspetto nasce la consapevolezza del centro storico non più come luogo di monumenti e di edilizia minore ma di un “unico monumento”, ricco di spessore e di identità culturale
La natura in città. Tra storia e contemporaneità
No full textThe climatic, environmental and anthropic changes that characterize the current period, constitute a fundamental theme in the urban and architectural debate, since they condition on the one hand the safeguarding of territories, landscapes and fragile urban contexts, on the other the uses, performance and efficiency of architectural artefacts and everyday objects.
We must keep in mind that, historically, the city has always had a close relationship with nature: the medieval historical centers with the vegetable gardens inside the walls, the parks and gardens in the nineteenth-century extensions, the green in the urbanism of the modern movement; periods in which the cities were not overcrowded, while today, considering that more than two thirds of European citizens live in the city, this relationship has weakened, to the detriment of a massive expansion in agricultural and naturalistic areas.
Faced with these issues, which increasingly take place in our life, we ask ourselves the question of how to make cities more resilient and able to counteract and mitigate climate changes and their consequences, both short and medium term. A possible perspective is to provide the cities with plans that address sustainable development and direct the direction towards “green” cities, with a continuous connection and ecological environmental features, reflecting on the statement of the European Commissioner for the Environment, Karmenu Vella "Green cities make more: they offer a better quality of life to their inhabitants and new business opportunities".
The contribution aims to set a reflection on the potential of "green" as the urban regulation of the city, focusing on the quality of cities and on the complex strategies to be pursued, both in terms of intervention scales (structural and process ) that of fields of action (economic, environmental, social), to be implemented with continuity over time and in compliance with the specificities of the contexts
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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