1,721,252 research outputs found
Pathophysiological and histomorphological evaluation of polyacryloylmorpholine vs polyethylene glycol modified superoxide dismutase in a rat model of ischaemia/reperfusion injury
No full textInt J Artif Organs. 1996 Dec;19(12):730-4.
Pathophysiological and histomorphological evaluation of polyacryloylmorpholine vs polyethylene glycol modified superoxide dismutase in a rat model of ischaemia/reperfusion injury.
Rocca M, Giavaresi G, Caliceti P, Veronese FM, Giardino R.
SourceDepartment of Experimental Surgery, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla-Putti I.O.R. and Surgical Pathophysiology, Medical School, University of Bologna, Italy.
Abstract
Twenty Wistar rats were divided into two groups. Both underwent acute ischaemia followed by reperfusion of the left hind limb. The first group was a control group while the second was treated with PAcM-SOD. The survival percentage of the limb after 10 days was 30% for the first group and 70% for the second. Neither linear regression nor correlation were found between groups as far as the survival percentage of the limb after 10 days and reperfusion pmO2 data were concerned. After ten days the histomorphological analysis was significant regarding the fibre diameter and the percentage of central located nuclei in the specimens of PAcM-SOD treated limbs compared to normal limbs, but not when compared to the muscular fibres of the control group. Comparing these results with others obtained with native SOD and monomethoxypoly(ethylene glycol) modified SOD (mPEG-SOD) used in the same experimental model, we can conclude that the clinical and morphological results were better using mPEG-SOD, and that PAcM-SOD does have a protective effect on ischaemic muscle damage, although it is not as effective as mPEG-SOD in preventing ischaemia/reperfusion injury
Le multinazionali estere in Emilia-Romagna Una regione più forte?
No full textNell’ultimo decennio gli investimenti esteri, in entrata e in uscita, hanno assunto un ruolo centrale nel dibattito sullo sviluppo economico. L’ipotesi prevalente nella letteratura economica in relazione agli effetti positivi sulle economie ospiti è che le multinazionali/transnazionali siano in possesso di particolari vantaggi competitivi di natura sia statica sia dinamica.
Molti studi hanno ottenuto risultati ambigui, se non contrari a quelli attesi, e solo in alcuni casi si è riscontrata una correlazione positiva tra investimenti esteri e crescita economica (Gorg e Greenaway, 2003 e Doucouliagos, Iamsiraroj e Ulubasoglu, 2010). In taluni casi le ambiguità nei risultati sono originate da processi economici di natura differente e tesi a conseguire obiettivi differenti. Questa breve nota si occupa di queste interconnessioni, concentrando l’analisi su una realtà industriale di particolare interesse: quella racchiusa nel triangolo Bologna, Modena e Reggio nell’Emilia. Come è noto, si tratta di un’area caratterizzata, a livello europeo, da una forte presenza di attività manifatturiere, e nella quale convivono una pluralità di modelli organizzativi (strutture produttive e di servizi, piccole e medie imprese distrettuali, grandi imprese a controllo nazionale, imprese appartenenti a gruppi multinazionali esteri). Caratteristiche che fanno dell’area un laboratorio ideale nel quale verificare le condizioni e i vantaggi che possono apportare gli investimenti esteri sulle economie locali in paesi ad alta industrializzazione
Mercati e specializzazioni dei prodotti medicali: implicazioni per lo sviluppo dell’industria regionale post Covid-19
No full textThis paper analyzes the impact of Covid-19 crisis on the medical device industry, a sector of particular relevance for the economy of Emilia-Romagna. This is an anti-cyclical sector which accounts for 6% of world trade in goods and in a post-coronavirus scenario can represent an important driver for economic growth. MNEs play a paramount role in this sector, especially German, American Swiss companies with a global manufacturing system and worldwide distribution channels. Such a significant presence of MNEs can be detected also in the region, where one of major biomedical districts in the EU is located. This paper argues that the vulnerability of GVCs that has been made apparent by the Covid epidemics creates the opportunity for a renewed industrial policy by the Region Emilia-Romagna that facilitates local SMEs to join most advanced GVCs in which SMEs – especially supplier ones – are involved in strategic stages of the value chains such as R&D and design. A possible tool is conditioning regional funding to R&D projects of MNEs to their partnering with a minimum number of local SMEs.
Keywords: Covid-19; medical device industry; GVC; Regional industrial polic
Controllo italiano, controllo estero. Cosa è meglio? - Implicazioni per lo sviluppo locale
No full textUsing an ad hoc database, the article analyses the role of foreign-controlled manufacturing multinational enterprises (FMNE) in an industrial area of particular interest: the Bologna-Modena-Reggio Emilia triangle. We focus on four aspects. The first is their weight in the local economy (in terms of employees, turnover, and exports). We then examine the relationships with the product market, the trade flows between the branches of the FMNE, and the relationships with the firms of the local system. A taxonomy is proposed that provides a first reading on the factors determining the location in the area and on the role of the branch in the value chain of the FMNE. This taxonomy shows clear heterogeneity among the incoming companies. We then proceed to examine the performance of FMNE (in terms of productivity) with a sample of homologous domestic companies, using a GLS model and constructing the counterfactual with the propensity score matching method. The results suggest that there are no significant differences in terms of efficiency between domestic companies and foreign-controlled
companies. The existence of external economies (spillovers) must be traced primarily to connections, à la Hirschman, with the productive systems and local industrial districts, and not to the (presumed) superiority of the technological and organizational assets held by FMNE. This interpretation is reinforced by the fact that, in this area, very few foreign direct investments (FDI) are greenfield while, on the other hand, cherry picking phenomena are widespread, i.e. the incoming multinationals acquire companies included in local productive systems and in industrial districts, companies that are already efficient and technically competitive. Finally, the behavior of FMNE and domestic companies is examined over a period of time (2008-2015) that includes the entire cycle of the economic and financial crisis, highlighting the emergence of very different strategies. We conclude by proposing an analytical scheme capable of explaining the results obtained
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effects of molecular weight and surface functionalization on surface composition and cell adhesion to Hyaluronan coated titanium
No full textThis paper describes the effect of surface functionalization on surface composition and cell adhesion to titanium samples by high and low molecular weight Hyaluronan (HA). HA was covalently linked to aminated Ti surfaces obtained by two different surface functionalization techniques, that is polyethyleneimine (PEI) adsorption and deposition from allylamine plasma. The two approaches yield very different surface densities of available amino groups, affecting this way the number and frequency of surface-HA bonds and the configurational freedom of the latter. Results of cell adhesion test are dependent on the surface functionalization approach adopted, low molecular weight HA coupled to PEI functionalized Ti does not yield the same degree of resistance to cell adhesion found on other samples. These results indicate that the details of the surface functionalization step are crucial for surface engineering of implant devices by biological molecule
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