1,721,008 research outputs found
Radiofrequency ablation - analysis of antitumor immunostimulatory patterns in locally advanced pancreatic cancer
No full textLa Radiofrequenza è un metodo ablativo locale basata sulla coagulazione termica e denaturazione proteica. E 'stato ampiamente applicato in molti tumori solidi metastatici non operabili come fegato, polmone, della prostata, del rene, osso, seno, ghiandola surrenale e la milza, ma la sua applicazione nel cancro del pancreas è stata finora molto limitata. Il nostro gruppo ha recentemente dimostrato la fattibilità e la sicurezza della procedura nel tumore pancreatico localmente avanzato, con un tasso di complicanze del 24% e un tasso di mortalità del 2%. Tuttavia, con il miglioramento della curva di apprendimento, il tasso di complicanze si è dimezzato e la mortalità annullata. Anche se non era l'obiettivo primario del nostro studio, i dati sulla sopravvivenza hanno mostrato un OS mediana e un DSS mediana di 20 e 23 mesi, rispettivamente. Abbiamo cercato di analizzare i parametri immunologici dopo RFA di cancro al pancreas localmente avanzato. Questa ricerca è focalizzata sulla scoperta impatto immunologico di ablazione che spiegherebbe i suoi benefici di sopravvivenza. Sono stati arruolati tutti i pazienti sottoposti a RFA come primo step del trattamento. I parametri immunologici sono stati identificati in due categorie: subet cellulari e citochine. Dieci pazienti sono stati sottoposti RFA nel corso dello studio. I nostri dati suggeriscono una reazione sistemica alla procedura. Questa reazione è ipoteticamente diversa dal normale stress chirurgico o infiammazione perché abbiamo osservato una tendenza generale verso una diminuzione delle chemochine e sottopopolazioni cellulari ad attività immunosoppressiva. Questa prova è supportata da una stabilità di DN (Double negative) T linfociti e monociti, tendenza alla diminuzione di Tregs (T Regulators) e pDC (plasmocytoid Dendritic cells) che, nel cancro, esercitano un'attività immunosoppressiva. La produzione di chemochine, attraverso una reazione infiammatoria importante (vedi IL-6), un trend negativo di TGF-β e un trend positivo di IFN-γ, mostra un importante effetto sistemico e una tendenza alla diminuzione dell'attività immunosoppressiva.Inoltre i Temra (terminal Effector Memory), l'ultima fase della maturazione dei CD8 + , mostrano una tendenza verso una prolungata attività dopo la procedura, lasciando aperta la possibilità di un possibile effetto immunitario differente dalla normale reazione infiammatoria.In conclusione, questi dati rappresentano una prima caratterizzazione della risposta immunitaria generata dopo ablazione termica di un carcinoma pancreatico.Radiofrequency is a local ablative method based on thermal coagulation and protein denaturation. It has been widely applied in many unresectable and metastatic solid tumours such as liver, lung, prostate, kidney, bone, breast, adrenal gland and spleen, but its application in pancreatic cancer has been very limited so far. Our group has recently shown the feasibility and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of locally advanced PDAC, with a 24% complication rate and a 2% mortality rate; however, along with the improvement of the learning curve, complications rate halved and mortality annulled. Although it was not the primary aim of our study, data on survival showed a median OS and a median DSS of 20 and 23 months, respectively, representing a promising result. We sought to analyse immunological parameters after RFA of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. This research is focused on exploring immunologic impact of ablation that would explain its survival benefits. Patients undergoing RFA as first step of treatment were enrolled. Immunological parameters were identified in two categories: cells subsets and cytokines. Ten patients underwent RFA as first-step procedure to treat cytologically proven locally advanced pancreatic cancer. .Our data suggest a systemic reaction to the procedure. This reaction is hypothetically different from normal surgical stress or inflammation because we observed a general trend towards a decrease of immunosuppressive chemokines or cells subset. This evidence is supported by a stability of DN (Double negative) T Lymphocytes and Monocytes, trend towards a decrease of Tregs (T regulators) and pDC (plasmocytoid dendritic cells) that, in cancer, exert an immunosuppressive activity. Chemokine production, towards an important inflammatory reaction (see IL-6), through a negative trend of TGF-β and a positive trend of IFN-γ, shows an important systemic effect and a trend in decreasing immunosuppressive agents. Furthermore TEMRA (termina effector memory), the last stage of CD8+ maturation, shows a trend toward a prolonged immunity activity weeks after the procedure, leading to a possible immunity effect either than a normal inflammatory response.In conclusion, these data represent a first characterization of the immunity response generated by pancreatic RFA
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Results of 100 pancreatic radiofrequency ablations in the context of a multimodal strategy for stage III ductal adenocarcinoma
No full textResults of 100 pancreatic radiofrequency ablations in the context of a multimodal strategy for stage III ductal adenocarcinom
Short term chemotherapy followed by radiofrequency ablation in stage III pancreatic cancer: results from a single center.
No full textShort term chemotherapy followed by radiofrequency ablation in stage III pancreatic cancer: results from a single center
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