1,720,977 research outputs found
Design as a Driver for Innovation in the Healthcare Sector
No full textThe Healthcare field is a sector that has significantly evolved more than anything else, especially from the points of view of technological and clinical innovation. The Design discipline has also been measured with a radical change that has reconfigured the founding paradigms, opening itself up to other fields of knowledge and activating virtuous cooperation that led to innovative research and practices. In the last few years, there has been increasing interest in the potential of design methodologies and approaches to improve Healthcare thanks to the ability of the Design discipline to draw on a tradition of creative and divergent thinking able to face fundamental sociocultural challenges. The convergence of these two disciplines is configuring new scenarios of innovation where Design is a key element for the creation of products and services with a strong impact on our societies’ health, changing habits, structures, and the way users and designers look at medical products. This article presents a transversal framework for a possible taxonomy of innovative healthcare products and services in which both the users and the technologies play a decisive role in the process of ideation, production, and consumption
Are we (still) Human? Diid. Disegno Industriale Industrial Design, n° 64/18, Design after Modernity. ISSN:1594-8528, ISBN: 9788832080087
No full textIn un’epoca transitoria, in cui la modernità lascia il passo ad un post-moderno liquefatto (Bauman, 2002); in cui i rapporti sociali si disgregano e riaggregano in modo rapido e instabile; in cui luoghi e confini perdono le loro identità storiche e relazionali; in cui le persone sembrano essere contestualmente isolate e connesse, vale la pena soffermarsi su quanto il progresso e lo sviluppo tecnologico stiano profondamente trasformando anche la figura dell’essere umano in quanto tale, portandola nella direzione di un’entità evolutiva senza precedenti, un simbionte in via di continua trasformazione: l’homo technologicus (Longo, 2001). Cavalcando le teorie del post-umano per le quali l’essere umano è una figura incorporata in un mondo tecnologico esteso (Pepperell, 1995), il saggio indaga scenari progettuali ibridi dove biologia e tecnologia sembrano convergere, sovrapporsi, contaminarsi. Robotica, prostetica, creatività sintetica, intelligenza artificiale, mutazioni genetiche, stanno rendendo sempre più aleatorio il confine tra organico e meccanico, natura e artificio, concretizzandosi in un orizzonte materico di nuove forme innestate che diverranno progressivamente insite nella nostra quotidianità
Neurosurgery Training Tool. Design as Facilitator Between Disciplines for the Improvement of Medical Devices
No full textThe propulsive thrust the medical sector has recently registered from the technological and methodological point of view is having substantial societal and economic impact modifying diagnostic and therapeutic practices, structures, and medical instruments. This requires that Design have to be placed at the center of a multi-disciplinary environment combining both medical and technological disciplines to develop solutions in which usability and technology coexist in a balanced manner improving treatments, diagnoses, training, and research. Design thus becomes a strategic element for stimulating incremental and radical innovation to obtain products and services that involve a multiplicity of competences and actors. Starting from these premises, the paper describes an ongoing multidisciplinary research project aiming to develop and prototype an anatomical training system of the spinal column, useful both for teaching surgical anatomy to medical students and for training experience of surgical techniques for youngsters and younger neurosurgeons
Design to Care: Education Experiences to design local healthcare services
Full text linkThis paper shares the educational experience at a Product Design Studio of the International Master of Science in Product Design at the Sapienza University of Rome. The course was organized as research work in the field of Design for Healthcare applied to education, using the Design Studio as a case-study. In particular, the research has evidenced the potential of design to bring improvements to the sector thanks to its creative and divergent thinking. Thus, the aim of the course was to transmit to the students the skills useful for achieving a Service and Social Innovation in the field of Healthcare. Specifically, the students were asked to develop a Design Proposal of a product/service that would provide a new User Experience for the local healthcare services (a Pediatric Emergency Room) by taking into consideration its social, economic and technological long-term sustainability. In order to reach that goal, the didactic activities were organized as a three-step process: ‘to Research’, ‘to Design’, and ‘to Develop’. Each step had its own tools and deliverables, such as the Conceptual Maps, the User Experience tools, the Systemic Innovation Diagram, and the Business Model Canvas, and the s Technique that was applied for the first time at this course as a design method. These tools and techniques supported students in learning, thinking, analyzing, understanding, and evaluating their works. The course finalized at a set of Design Proposals demonstrating the improvement of the Healthcare services and the possible new behaviors of its users
Gruppi Balint e formazione degli insegnanti
No full textAvere a cuore il benessere del bambino significa anche non dimenticarsi del benessere di chi si occupa di lui. In questo senso, il Benessere Bambino (Crocetti, 2008), quello stato esperienziale che il bambino sperimenta qualora i suoi bisogni, fragilità e richieste vengano assunte e contenute nella Mente Emozionale delle figure di accudimento, è un concetto che può essere esteso alle diverse fasi del ciclo di vita di ogni individuo. Sostenere quella condizione psicofisica orientata al gioco, al godimento, alla ricreazione costante di sé e del proprio essere nel mondo sia nella persona in età evolutiva, sia nell’adulto, consente all’individuo di espandere le proprie potenzialità e di rendere disponibile dentro di sé uno spazio per accogliere l’altro. Nelle professioni che implicano un costante coinvolgimento emotivo e relazionale, come quella educativa, migliore è lo stato complessivo di benessere dell’operatore (insegnante, educatore, pedagogista), maggiori energie potenzialmente positive possono essere rivolte agli allievi e alle attività a supporto degli apprendimenti. Per questo motivo, riteniamo che l’istituzione scolastica abbia il compito di pensare e contenere le esigenze degli insegnanti, di rispondere ai loro bisogni, e di offrire loro adeguate risposte organizzative e formative per favorire le migliori condizioni ambientali a sostegno dell’importante ruolo educativo svolto nei confronti dei bambini/ragazzi
On the design of voice-based conversational agents for prevention and management of obesity and overweight condition adolescents
Full text linkThe WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (or COSI), reports that in the fourth round of data collection (2015 - 2017) one in three children aged from six to nine years is living with overweight or obesity [1]. Today it is broadly accepted that overweight and obesity are largely preventable if better healthcare strategies are adopted and innovative interventions are introduced [1], [2]. A promising technology that can help children and their immediate environment adopt WHO-recommended measures and provide nutritional counselling are Voice-based Conversational Agent (VCA). In this work, the service design thinking paradigm [3] is applied to design and develop a new VCA-based service. The main findings of the process are presented along with the key observation that drove the development of the proposed service
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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