1,722,261 research outputs found
COVID-19 Parental Vaccine Hesitancy: The Role of Trust in Science and Conspiracy Beliefs
Full text linkBackground. Parent vaccine hesitancy is a sensitive topic despite the benefits associated with children’s vaccination. Especially regarding the COVID-19 vaccination, parents displayed concerns about children’s vaccination, questioning their effectiveness and security. Although several studies were conducted on the general population, few studies investigated this relationship on parents’ intentions. Methods. An online survey was advertised from May to December 2022 on social networks, collecting data from 109 participants (90% F; mean age: 41.34 years, SD: ±6.40). The survey assessed sociodemographic characteristics, vaccine hesitancy through the Parents Attitude towards Childhood Vaccine—PAVC, trust in science through the Belief in Science Scale—BISS, and conspiracy beliefs through the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale—GCBS. Results. In our sample, 29 parents (26.6%) scored more than 50 points to PAVC and, for this reason, were considered hesitant. Moreover, more than half of parents (60.6%) declared that they did not intend to vaccinate their children in the future. The path analysis model showed that parents with low education tended to have higher conspiracy beliefs (β = −0.40). Holding conspiracy beliefs (β = 0.28) and having low trust in science (β = −0.23) was associated with higher parent hesitancy and, in turn, no future intention to vaccinate their children for COVID-19 (OR = 0.83, p < 0.001). Conclusion. The results of the current paper suggest that targeted campaigns should be aimed at parents with lower levels of education, mainly on social media, debunking the most common fake news or myths, independently from the type of vaccine, and highlighting the importance of scientific research for improving people’s living conditions
On the Continuous Wavelet Transforms applied to discrete vibrational data for detecting open cracks in damaged beams
No full textThis paper deals with the detection of open cracks in beam structures that undergo transverse vibrations. The investigation is aimed at detecting the location of open cracks in damaged beams by minimizing measurement data and baseline information of the structure. The study is carried out by using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The application of this recent, but advanced, mathematical tool is initially presented through a theoretical background, which is believed to be valuable for bridging the gap between the CWT and previous existing techniques. It is shown how the possibility to efficiently identify localized damages by CWT comes up from the intrinsic capability of the wavelets to collect several mathematical tools in only one mathematical aspect: derivatives, convolution and appropriate smoothing of data are translated into the CWT. Simulations show how the redundancy of the CWT in the functional space is able to efficiently identify locations of open cracks in the presence of noisy or clean data. Indeed, the possibility to approach the problem by using different families of wavelets, for several available scales, allows a successful application of the characteristic microscopy of the wavelets. The technique may be promisingly applied to discrete vibrational data
On the Continuous Wavelet Transforms applied to discrete vibrational data for detecting open cracks in damaged beams
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Parents’ intention to vaccinate their children according to the Theory of Planned Behavior: A scoping review
No full textVaccines are cost-effective tools for preventing serious diseases, but vaccinating children remains a problem in many countries. Since no review has analyzed parents’ decision to vaccinate their children from the perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the current review aims to fill this gap. The current scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extended for Scoping Review Statement (PRISMA-ScR). The scientific literature was analyzed and 258 records were identified. After removing duplicates and screening abstracts and full-text, 18 eligible records were identified. The studies gathered information on vaccines against COVID-19, Human Papillomavirus (HPV), whooping cough, influenza, and other vaccines. Overall, the studies employed 20355 participants, mostly women, aged 30 to 39 years old, from medium to high socioeconomic backgrounds. Attitude towards vaccination was the best predictor of parents’ intention to vaccinate their children, followed by subjective norms, while mixed results emerged on perceived behavioral control. Among other variables related to parent’s intention to vaccinate their children, obtaining information from the physician appeared to have the greatest influence. Parents’ attitude and subjective norms could be strengthened through small-scale campaigns in which physicians recommend the vaccine, reassuring parents of its safety and resolving all their doubts
Regularity results for solutions to a class of non-autonomous obstacle problems with sub-quadratic growth conditions
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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