1,721,214 research outputs found
Sub-chronic exposure to atomoxetine up-regulates BDNF expression and signalling in the brain of adolescent spontaneously hypertensive rats: Comparison with methylphenidate.
No full text4. Pharmacol Res. 2010 Dec;62(6):523-9. Epub 2010 Aug 5.
Sub-chronic exposure to atomoxetine up-regulates BDNF expression and signalling
in the brain of adolescent spontaneously hypertensive rats: comparison with
methylphenidate.
Fumagalli F, Cattaneo A, Caffino L, Ibba M, Racagni G, Carboni E, Gennarelli M,
Riva MA.
Center of Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Università
degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy.
The stimulant methylphenidate and the non-stimulant atomoxetine are widely used
for the treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but the
molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic action are not fully understood. The
aim of our study was to investigate, in adolescent rats, the sub-chronic effect
of these two drugs on neuronal plasticity, through a detailed analysis of BDNF
expression and signalling in order to establish the contribution of these
mechanisms in the pharmacotherapy of ADHD. Atomoxetine (ATX) up-regulated BDNF
mRNA levels in the hippocampus whereas methylphenidate (MPH) increased BDNF gene
expression in the nucleus accumbens and caudate-putamen. Opposite effects were
seen in the prefrontal cortex, a critical region in attention disorders, where
ATX increased while MPH reduced total and exon IV BDNF mRNA levels. Analysis of
BDNF-mediated signalling in the prefrontal cortex revealed that ATX enhanced AKT
and GSK3β phosphorylation whereas MPH reduced the synaptic levels of trkB, the
high-affinity BDNF receptor, and ERK1/2 activation. Our findings show that ATX
and MPH exert an opposite modulation of the BDNF system, primarily in prefrontal
cortex that, independently from the behavioral control exerted by the two drugs,
may be important for long-term consequences on cognitive function
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Reduction of the DM-associated homeo domain protein (DMAHP) mRNA in different areas of myotonic dystrophy patients.
No full textI.F. 2.54
The effect of childhood trauma on blood transcriptome expression in major depressive disorder
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Influence of clotting duration on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) dosage in serum.
No full textBlues in the brain and beyond: Molecular bases of major depressive disorder and relative pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments
No full textDespite the extensive research conducted in recent decades, the molecular mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD) and relative evidence-based treatments remain unclear. Various hypotheses have been successively proposed, involving different biological systems. This narrative review aims to critically illustrate the main pathogenic hypotheses of MDD, ranging from the historical ones based on the monoaminergic and neurotrophic theories, through the subsequent neurodevelopmental, glutamatergic, GABAergic, inflammatory/immune and endocrine explanations, until the most recent evidence postulating a role for fatty acids and the gut microbiota. Moreover, the molecular effects of established both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches for MDD are also reviewed. Overall, the existing literature indicates that the molecular mechanisms described in the context of these different hypotheses, rather than representing alternative ones to each other, are likely to contribute together, often with reciprocal interactions, to the development of MDD and to the effectiveness of treatments, and points at the need for further research efforts in this field
- …
