277 research outputs found
Marching Towards a Seizure: Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Preictal Activity
No full textA review of Fujita S, Toyoda I, Thamattoor AK, Buckmaster PS. (2014). Preictal Activity of Subicular, CA1, and Dentate Gyrus Principal Neurons in the Dorsal Hippocampus Before Spontaneous Seizures in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Journal of Neuroscience 34(50):16671–16687. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0584-14.2014.Peer reviewed
Functional Reduction in Cannabinoid-Sensitive Heterotypic Inhibition of Dentate Basket Cells in Epilepsy: Impact on Network Rhythms
No full textStrong perisomatic inhibition by fast-spiking basket cells (FS-BCs) regulates dentate throughput. Homotypic FS-BC interconnections that support gamma oscillations, and heterotypic inputs from diverse groups of interneurons that receive extensive neurochemical regulation, together, shape FS-BC activity patterns. However, whether seizures precipitate functional changes in inhibitory networks and contribute to abnormal network activity in epilepsy is not known. In the first recordings from dentate interneuronal pairs in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy, we demonstrate that status epilepticus (SE) selectively compromises GABA release at synapses from dentate accommodating interneurons (AC-INs) to FS-BCs, while efficacy of homotypic FS-BC synapses is unaltered. The functional decrease in heterotypic cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R)-sensitive inhibition of FS-BCs resulted from enhanced baseline GABAB-mediated suppression of synaptic release after SE. The frequency of CB1R-sensitive inhibitory synaptic events in FS-BCs was depressed early after SE induction and remained reduced in epileptic rats. In biologically based simulations of heterogeneous inhibitory networks and excitatory-inhibitory cell networks, experimentally identified decrease in reliability of AC-IN to FS-BCs synaptic release reduced theta power and theta-gamma coupling and enhanced gamma coherence. Thus, the experimentally identified functional reduction in heterotypic inhibition of FS-BCs can contribute to compromised network oscillations in epilepsy and could precipitate memory and cognitive co-morbidities.Peer reviewe
Corrigendum to The impact of risk factors on aspirin's efficacy for the prevention of preterm birth. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM. Volume 5, Issue 10, October 2023, 101095
No full textThe authors regret that the originally published manuscript erroneously excluded a contributing author Archana Patel MD, PhD. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
Factors Affecting Learning Gains among Students in Microbiology Class: A Preliminary Study Between a U.S. Community College and a Canadian Comprehensive University
No full textThough in the past, serious concerns have been raised about students’ interest and learning gains in STEM courses, not much research has been done to examine the differences in learning science at community colleges and universities. The purpose of this paper is to close this gap. This paper analyzes the influence of students’ demographics, preparedness, major, and attitudes on their learning gains in an introductory microbiology class at a community college vs. a university. Student demographics, information about their preparedness level, major, and attitudes were collected in a questionnaire and students’ learning gains were assessed by comparing student performance on a pre- and post-test on four different topics in microbiology. Our results indicate that students’ majors and attitudes such as their willingness to actively participate in the classroom discussions and spend time outside the classroom to learn are major factors that enhance their learning. Age and marital status positively impact learning gains while gender, employment status, and citizenship status show no impact on learning gains in students. Our results also indicate that students at the community college who had less exposure to science classes in high school or biology classes in college achieved statistically higher learning gains despite having overall lower scores on two of the four post-tests.
Erratum: Author information has been updated as follows.
Archana Lal1 & Naowarat Cheeptham2
1Corresponding author; Labette Community College, Parsons, KS 67357, USA email: [email protected]
2Department of Biological Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, B.C., Canada 
Negotiating modernity: education and translation in nineteenth century Egypt
No full textBetween the French and British occupations, Muhammad Ali Pasha (r. 1805-48) and his successors ruled Egypt as an autonomous Ottoman province. In order to establish and maintain that autonomy from both Ottoman and European imperial interests, Muhammad Ali sought European technical expertise to aid in the rapid modernization of the country – reorganizing the military, building new infrastructure, and reforming the civil service. Establishing a state-of-the- art education system was fundamental to this process, and yet it remains a neglected subject in contemporary historical scholarship on the modernization project initiated under Pasha’s rule.
The dissertation focuses on two institutions that served as the original sites where European knowledge was transmitted and translated: the first student missions to France (1826-49) and the School of Languages in Cairo (1836-51). Using archival documents, correspondence, and published records in both French and Arabic, it uncovers the complicated mediations integral to the acquisition of this expertise through the missions, in the context of defensive modernization against European encroachment. The dissertation further explores how those educated in the student missions used their experiences to choose and localize useful knowledge. It also traces the ways in which Egyptians envisioned a hybridized government and religious education system by advocating for this new knowledge in educational practice and intellectual life through an examination of debates published in the first Egyptian educational journal Rawdat al-Madaris al-Misriyya (The Garden of the Egyptian Schools). By investigating the role played by those in favor of the inclusion of indigenized European knowledge, it highlights the implications of early nineteenth century Egyptian experiments with education on larger literary, religious, philosophical, and political trends in the Middle East in the latter half of the nineteenth century.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-12-01The student, Archana Prakash, accepted the attached license on 2016-11-16 at 15:20.The student, Archana Prakash, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-11-16 at 15:24.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-11-17 at 09:03.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10256 on 2017-02-28 at 14:41:33Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-01T17:01:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Plant-in-chip: Microfluidic system for studying root growth and pathogenic interactions in Arabidopsis
No full textWe report a microfluidic platform for the hydroponic growth of Arabidopsis plants with high-resolution visualization of root development and root-pathogen interactions. The platform comprises a set of parallel microchannels with individual input/output ports where 1-day old germinated seedlings are initially placed. Under optimum conditions, a root system grows in each microchannel and its images are recorded over a 198-h period. Different concentrations of plant growth media show different root growth characteristics. Later, the developed roots are inoculated with two plant pathogens (nematodes and zoospores) and their physicochemical interactions with the live root systems are observed.This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Parashar, Archana, and Santosh Pandey. "Plant-in-chip: Microfluidic system for studying root growth and pathogenic interactions in Arabidopsis." Applied Physics Letters 98, no. 26 (2011): 263703, and may be found at DOI: 10.1063/1.3604788. Copyright 2011 American Institute of Physics. Posted with permission
Analysis of Chinese patents associated with incremental clustering algorithms: A review / Archana Chaudhari
No full textWith the advent of Internet-of-Things (IoT) and overall Information-Technology world, an enormous amount of data is getting generated dynamically and in real-time mode, in almost all domains of research and application systems. Such huge data has embedded patterns and hidden information to extract and learn. This learning is incremental in nature for all involved entities and users, as the data is growing exponentially in real-time. To achieve learning from such dynamic data sources, incremental clustering algorithms are used mandatorily. This mandate has given rise to increased patents related to incremental clustering concept, which is primarily a significant part of Machine Learning field. In this paper, we contribute to the in-progress discussion on the use of intellectual property resources, particularly patents related to machine learning, incremental clustering, incremental learning with a special focus to country China. Due consideration of the prior art search, the author found that China the country of registration of the application extensively contributes to the intellectual property related to incremental clustering domain hence felt the need to undertake this detailed patent analysis about this topic. We hope all readers, research scholars will be benefited with the latest research presented in this paper pertaining to various patents in the advanced areas of computer engineering
Aurolab aqueous drainage implant: My surgical technique
No full textAurolab aqueous drainage implant is a nonvalved tube implant used to treat refractory glaucoma. Although implanting the device could be surgically more demanding than certain other drainage devices, the author aims to describe the techniques which enable him to perform the surgery safely and efficiently
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