1,721,054 research outputs found
I bisogni di cura dei pazienti psichiatrici in relazione alle loro caratteristiche demografiche, cliniche, sociali e di interazione con i servizi.
No full textIntroduzione. Il concetto di bisogno di cura è divenuto un nuovo paradigma per la ricerca valutativa sui servizi di salute mentale. La valutazione dei bisogni costituisce, infatti, un passaggio fondamentale sia per la pianificazione dell’assistenza che per la verifica dei risultati ottenuti. Purtroppo, fino ad oggi in Italia non ci sono stati studi che abbiano valutato specificamente i bisogni di cura dei pazienti psichiatrici. Metodo. Nel presente studio, sono stati descritti, attraverso l’utilizzo di uno strumento standardizzato, la Camberwell Assessment of Needs, i bisogni di cura in un gruppo di pazienti in carico al Servizio Psichiatrico Territoriale di Verona-Sud e sono studiate le loro correlazioni con le variabili demografiche, cliniche, sociali e d’interazione col servizio. Risultati. Gli operatori che hanno effettuato le valutazioni hanno rilevato un numero medio di bisogni relativamente basso e le aree risultate maggiormente problematiche erano quelle relative alla salute, sia psicologica che fisica, seguite da quelle legate alle vita sociale e di relazione. Secondo gli operatori i pazienti ricevevano un aiuto piuttosto scarso da parte di familiari o amici, prevalentemente in relazione a problemi di natura pratica, mentre il servizio sembrava rispondere meglio ai bisogni dei pazienti, intervenendo nelle gestione delle questioni di tipo clinico, che fornendo all’occorrenza supporto emotivo e risolvendo spesso problemi di natura pratica. I pazienti ritenuti maggiormente problematici dallo staff erano prevalentemente pazienti maschi, single, disoccupati, con sintomatologia psicotica in fase attiva e disturbi cognitivi, difficoltà con il partner e nelle relazioni sociali, scarsa qualità della vita, bassa soddisfazione verso i servizi psichiatrici. Conclusioni. In attesa che vengano forniti ulteriori contributi sul valore predittivo delle differenti variabili e sul ruolo giocato dalle valutazioni soggettive dei pazienti, il presente studio fornisce un fotografia piuttosto completa delle condizioni dei pazienti psichiatrici in relazione ai propri bisogni e sottolinea l’importanza della valutazione sistematica e di routine dei bisogni di cura sia per la valutazione dell’efficacia delle strategie terapeutiche che per la pianificazione dell’attività complessiva dei servizi
Working from home during a pandemic: A theoretical perspective on work-home spillover and risk of burnout
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Vicarious trauma, coping strategies and nurses' health outcomes: An exploratory study
Full text linkBackground: The COVID-19 outbreak played a significant psychological impact on nurses, as they coped with intense emotional and cognitive demands, in a context in which the Health System was not prepared to face the emergency. Literature showed that pandemics influenced the nurses' stress and psychosocial health due to poor rest, high work overloads, a lack of control over the patient flows, and a frequent isolation from family. Under these circumstances, nurses experienced severe psychological and mental stressors that generated mental health problems. Recent literature showed that coping strategies, especially those that were positive, promoted mental health in workers and helped them to face stressors. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between vicarious traumas and the impact of traumatic events on nurses' mental health. In addition, we analyzed the role of coping strategies in moderating the effect of vicarious traumas on mental health. Methods: The study was performed in November 2020, during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A self-reported structured questionnaire was administered via an online method to reduce face-to-face contact. Logistic regressions were conducted to analyze the relationship between both vicarious traumas and the impact of traumatic events impact and mental health. An interaction analysis with the PROCESS macro was performed to analyze the role of coping strategies in moderating the relationship between vicarious traumas and mental health. Results: A total of 183 nurses answered to the questionnaire. A moderation analysis showed that positive coping strategies such as physical activity, reading/music, and yoga/meditation showed to be protective in reducing the effect of vicarious traumas on the nurses' mental health problems. Conversely, negative coping strategies strengthened that relationship and may compromise their quality of working life. Conclusion: These findings provide further support for considering positive coping strategies as an important resource to alleviate psychological distress, thus helping the professional to reduce the negative effects of stress
L’intenzione di turnover: caratteristiche individuali, lavorative ed organizzative di un campione di infermieri del nord Italia
No full textTurnover represents a problematic phenomenon due to both staff management and costs related to the quality of care. Turnover is quite studied in other Countries, but it is still little studied in Italy. The aim of this study was to analyzing psychosocial factors related to intention to leave the hospital, by using theoretical models from literature and applying them in the health context. The study involved 1295 nurses from North-Italy. The results showed that intention to leave may be considered the most direct predictor of turnover behavior. In fact, the demand for mobility to another hospital was requested by nurses with high level of intention to leave. Among examined individual and organizational characteristics, we found that young nurses with high education had higher turnover intention than old nurses. Moreover, nurses with high level of intention to leave not only perceived a low affective commitment to the unit, but also a low quality of relationship with both supersiors and physicians. The findings have important implications for both nurses and hospitals by helping to promote effective work environments, thus reducing turnover intention
Hypnotic drugs in a population. Prescriptions by the specialist and the general practitioner
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Development of Sense of Coherence Stability in the AGORA Healthy Ageing Study
Full text linkSense of coherence (SOC) is a psycho-social trait formed in childhood or adolescence, allowing individuals to be more resilient to daily life stressors, stay well, and improve their personal health. Although SOC remains stable after the age of thirty, only a few studies investigated its stability in adulthood. The aim was to investigate the development of SOC over time in 489 participants and its association with age, gender, educational level, or negative life events. The study was performed as part of the Healthy Ageing project of the Academic Collaborative Centre AGORA, a longitudinal study involving four municipalities of Eastern Netherlands. A self-administrated questionnaire was used to monitor the SOC of the elderly in 2008, 2010, and 2013, using the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (SOC-13). The analysis included repeated-measures ANOVA analysis and bivariate analysis using Pearson’s chi square test. We found no statistically significant variation in SOC over time (F (2, 282) = 2.99, p = 0.052) and no significant association with age (F (2, 282) = 2.851, p = 0.06), gender (F (2, 282) = 0.845, p = 0.43), or educational level (F (2, 282) = 0.708, p = 0.49). SOC remained stable in the elderly population, even if they experienced negative events over their lifespan
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