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Influenza della propriocezione nella rappresentazione spaziale interna: implicazioni nella riabilitazione del paziente emiinattento
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Learning skills and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in pediatric age: An observational pilot study
No full textObiettivi. In età evolutiva, i disturbi respiratori in sonno (SRBD) sono associati a un calo delle performance scolastiche, ad anomalie comportamentali, disattenzione, iperattività e a disturbi esternalizzanti, effetto del disfunzionamento esecutivo globale. Scopo dello studio è esplorare la relazione tra sindrome delle apnee ostruttive in sonno (OSAS) e difficoltà di apprendimento in soggetti in età scolare. Metodi. 40 bambini (23 maschi) di età compresa tra i 7 e i 13 anni (età media 9,72±1,75) sono stati reclutati consecutivamente per sospetta OSAS presso il Laboratorio del sonno in età evolutiva della UOSD di Neuropsichiatria Infantile dell’Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” e, quindi, sottoposti a valutazione cognitiva, delle abilità di apprendimento e a polisonnografia notturna. Risultati. I due gruppi identificati (DSA e No-DSA) in base alla prestazione alle prove di valutazione degli apprendimenti accademici sono risultati confrontabili per età (p=0,130) e genere (p=0,845). Il 40% della popolazione affetta da OSAS studiata, risulta affetta da DSA. I bambini OSAS con associato DSA presentano un livello di ODI significativamente superiore rispetto ai bambini OSAS senza DSA (p=0,037) [Tabella 1]. Dall’analisi di correlazione emerge la presenza di una relazione significativamente positiva tra la percentuale di desaturazione di O2 e la deviazione standard del numero di errori fonologici a un compito di scrittura (EF) (r = -.962, p=0,038) e una speculare relazione significativamente negativa tra la percentuale di desaturazione di O2 e la deviazione standard del numero di errori non fonologici a un compito di scrittura (r=.969; p=0,031). Conclusioni. I dati del presente studio supportano l’ipotesi che i disturbi respiratori in sonno compromettano le normali capacità di apprendimento di soggetti in età evolutiva. Tale risultato, da un punto di vista applicativo, conferma la necessità di intervenire precocemente sui disturbi respiratori in sonno e parallelamente di progettare, nei soggetti con disturbi di apprendimento, programmi riabilitativi che includano anche, dopo un’adeguata valutazione in fase diagnostica, trattamenti specifici sul sonno. Allo stesso tempo questo studio evidenzia l’importanza di promuovere, nell’ambito dei disturbi specifici di apprendimento, ricerche e studi che ne approfondiscano il legame coi disturbi respiratori e col sonno in generale e in particolare la necessità di approfondire le caratteristiche macro e microstrutturali del sonno di soggetti con DSA
Hypersomnia in children affected by migraine without aura: A questionnaire-based case-control study
Full text linkBackground: The relationship between sleep and headache is meaningful and complex. Children affected by migraines tend to show many sleep disorders, such as insufficient sleep duration and excessive daytime somnolence. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the rate of reported sleep habits and self-reported sleepiness in a large pediatric sample of individuals affected by migraine without aura (MoA). Methods: The study population consisted of 271 children aged between 6 and 13 years affected by MoA. The control group was composed of 305 typically developing children. To assess the sleep habits of all individuals (MoA and control), parents filled out the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, and to check the degree of subjective perceived daytime sleepiness, all subjects were administered the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale. Results: The two study groups were matched for age (P = 0.124), sex distribution (P = 0.775), and body mass index z-score (P = 0.107). Parents of childre..
Acupressure therapy for insomnia in adolescents: a polysomnographic study
No full textMarco Carotenuto,1 Beatrice Gallai,2 Lucia Parisi,3 Michele Roccella,3 Maria Esposito11Sleep Clinic for Developmental Age, Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Second University of Naples, Naples, 2Unit of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Perugia, Perugia, 3Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychology, University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyBackground: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of acupressure therapy in a sample of adolescents with insomnia using a standard polysomnographic evaluation.Methods: For this study, 25 adolescents affected by psychophysiological insomnia (mean age 15.04 ± 1.18 years, 12 boys) were enrolled. A device known as the Sea-Band® was used by the patients in order to improve their symptoms related to difficulty in falling asleep. All subjects enrolled underwent two sets of consecutive overnight polysomnographic studies in the Sleep Laboratory of the Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, comprising two studies at baseline (before treatment) and another two studies at the end of 6 months of treatment.Results: At the end of 6 months of treatment, there was a significant increase in all macrostructural parameters of sleep duration, and a reduction in sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, and stage 2 sleep. Moreover, the study group showed a significant increase in percent sleep efficiency (P < 0.001) and in slow wave sleep representation.Conclusion: Acupressure is a noninvasive, safe, and effective method for the management of insomnia in adolescents, with good compliance and no adverse effects.Keywords: insomnia, adolescence, acupressure, polysomnograph
Hypersomnia in children affected by migraine without aura: a questionnaire-based case-control study
Full text linkMaria Esposito,1 Michele Roccella,2 Lucia Parisi,2 Beatrice Gallai,3 Marco Carotenuto11Center for Childhood Headache, Unit of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical, and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy; 2Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 3Unit of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, University of Perugia, Perugia, ItalyBackground: The relationship between sleep and headache is meaningful and complex. Children affected by migraines tend to show many sleep disorders, such as insufficient sleep duration and excessive daytime somnolence. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the rate of reported sleep habits and self-reported sleepiness in a large pediatric sample of individuals affected by migraine without aura (MoA).Methods: The study population consisted of 271 children aged between 6 and 13 years affected by MoA. The control group was composed of 305 typically developing children. To assess the sleep habits of all individuals (MoA and control), parents filled out the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, and to check the degree of subjective perceived daytime sleepiness, all subjects were administered the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale.Results: The two study groups were matched for age (P = 0.124), sex distribution (P = 0.775), and body mass index z-score (P = 0.107). Parents of children affected by MoA reported a higher total score of sleep disorder symptoms (P < 0.001), disorders of initiating and maintaining (P < 0.001), and disorders of arousal (P < 0.001) than did parents of controls. No significant differences were found in disorders of excessive somnolence. Conversely, in the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale, migraine children had higher scores (24.67 ± 3.19 vs 11.94 ± 4.81; P < 0.001) and a reduction in referred total sleep time mean duration (469.83 ± 98.112 vs 527.94 ± 83.02; P < 0.001) than typically developing children.Conclusion: Our study identified differences in sleep habits and found a high prevalence of daytime somnolence in children affected by MoA, suggesting the need for routine sleep screening in the pediatric management of children with migraines.Keywords: excessive daytime sleepiness, drowsiness, sleep disorders, migraine without aura, childre
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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