1,720,969 research outputs found
Cognitive correlates of narrative impairment in moderate traumatic brain injury
No full textTraumaticbraininjuries(TBIs)areoftenassociatedwithcommunicativedeficits. Theincoherentand
impoverishedlanguageobservedinnon-aphasicindividualswithsevereTBIhasbeenlinkedtoa
problem intheglobalorganizationofinformationatthetextlevel.Thepresentstudyaimedtoanalyze
the featuresofnarrativediscourseimpairmentinagroupofadultswithmoderateTBI(modTBI).10non-
aphasic speakerswithmodTBIand20neurologicallyintactparticipantswererecruitedforthe
experiment.Theircognitive,linguisticandnarrativeskillswerethoroughlyassessed.Thepersonswith
modTBI exhibitednormalphonological,lexicalandgrammaticalskills.However,theirnarrativeswere
characterizedbylowerlevelsofLexicalInformativenessandmoreerrorsofbothLocalandGlobal
Coherence that,attimes,madetheirnarrativesvagueandambiguous.Significant correlationswere
found betweenthesenarrativedifficulties andtheproductionofbothperseverativeandnon-
perseverativeerrorsontheWCST.Thesedisturbancesconfirm previous findings whichsuggestadeficit
at theinterfacebetweencognitiveandlinguisticprocessingratherthanaspecific linguisticdisturbance
in thesepatients
Patterns of impairment of narrative language in mild traumatic brain injury
No full textMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents a condition whose
cognitive and behavioral sequelae are often underestimated, even when it exerts a profound impact on the patients’ every-day life.The present study aimed to analyze the features of narrative
discourse impairment in a group of adults with mTBI. 10 mTBI non-aphasic speakers (GCS > 13) and 13 neurologically intact
participants were recruited for the experiment. Their cognitive,
linguistic and narrative skills were thoroughly assessed. The group
of mTBIs exhibited normal phonological, lexical and grammatical skills. However, their narratives were characterized by the presence of frequent interruptions of ongoing utterances, derailments
and extraneous utterances that at times made their discourse vague and ambiguous. They produced more errors of global coherence [F (1; 21) 1⁄4 24.242; p 1⁄4 .000; hp 2 1⁄4 0. 536] and fewer
Lexical Information Units [F (1; 21) 1⁄4 7.068; p 1⁄4 .015; hp 2 1⁄4 .252].
The errors of global coherence correlated negatively with non perseverative
errors on the WCST (r1⁄4.755; p < .012). The macrolinguistic problems made their narrative samples less informative
than those produced by the group of control participants. These disturbances may reflect a deficit at the interface between cognitive and linguistic processing rather than a specific linguistic disturbance. These findings suggest that also persons with mild
forms of TBI may experience linguistic disturbances that may hamper the quality of their every-day life
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Narrative language in traumatic brain injury
No full textAbstract Persons who have sustained a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) often show impaired linguistic and/or narrative abilities. However, only few data about the narrative skills of persons with TBI are currently available. This is partly due to a lack of reliable tools to assess narrative discourse. The present study aimed to document the features of narrative discourse impairment in a group of adults with TBI. 14 severe TBI non-aphasic speakers (GCS<8) in the phase of chronical stability and 14 neurologically intact participants were recruited for the experiment. Their neuropsychological, linguistic and narrative skills were thoroughly assessed. Even if not aphasic, the individuals with TBI produced narratives with reduced levels of local and global coherence. Furthermore, their picture descriptions were also characterized by reduced percentages of lexical informativeness. Most interestingly, these disturbances were not correlated to their performance on tests assessing executive function skills and their span of verbal working memory. Overall, these results suggest the presence of a selective difficulty in TBI speakers in processing the macrolinguistic aspects of a discourse
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