1,720,958 research outputs found
Evaluation of three modelling approaches for almond blooming in Mediterranean climate conditions
No full textChilling and heat requirements for breaking dormancy and flowering were studied in seven almond cultivars in Southern Italy. Chilling portions (CP), computed through the Dynamic model, and growing degree hours (GDH) were used to determine chill and heat accumulation, respectively. Then, using full bloom dates and temperature data from nine seasons (2003/2004-2007/2008 and 2009/2010-2012/2013), three sequential methods for the estimation of thermal requirements were compared: 1) the Ashcroft Method (AM), where chilling and heat requirements were selected considering the lowest variability of the GDH at several intervals of CP, and two variations: 2) modified Ashcroft Method (AMm) that took into consideration the lowest variability in both CP and GDH, and 3) reverse Ashcroft Method (AMr) opposite to AM. All methods were effective in predicting full bloom dates; however the modified Ashcroft method was the most accurate under Mediterranean conditions and allowed to classify almond cultivars for their thermal requirements. The results from AMm, showed chilling requirements ranging between 24–62 CP and heat requirements between 3263 and 6699 GDH, respectively
Scouting ecophysiological variables to monitor regulated deficit irrigation in almond
No full textIn semi-arid regions, almond orchards face significant challenges from climate change, necessitating sustainable
irrigation strategies and advanced monitoring methods to enhance water use efficiency. This study investigated
key ecophysiological variables to identify the most relevant physiological variables for future threshold definition
in irrigation management (Prunus dulcis Mill., cv. Guara). The experiment included three irrigation treatments
during the kernel-filling phase: 100 % (CTRL), 80 % (MRDI), and 60 % (SRDI) of crop evapotranspiration
(ETc), with full irrigation provided during fruit growth and post-harvest periods. Key physiological variables,
including stomatal conductance (gs), stem water potential (Ψs), photosynthesis (Pn), and PKO/KC (reflecting
electron flux from PSII and RuBisCO carboxylative activity) were monitored weekly during a single growing
season and showed clear seasonal dynamics: peaking during fruit growth, declining during kernel filling, and
partially recovering post-harvest. During kernel filling, MRDI values for gs, Ψs, Pn, and PKO/KC were lower than
CTRL but higher than SRDI. Strong correlations were observed between Pn and gs, PKO/KC, as well as between gs
and Ψs. Pn, gs, and PKO/KC were significantly influenced by air temperature and vapor pressure deficit, whereas
Ψs was more closely linked to soil water content. Yield, fruit fresh weight, and seed dry weight were similar
across treatments, although SRDI produced a higher proportion of tight-hull fruits. Variables such as gs, Ψs, Pn,
and PKO/KC effectively captured plant water status and microclimatic variations. The MRDI treatment achieved
significant water savings while maintaining yield and fruit quality, suggesting that Ψs, Pn, gs, and PKO/KC are
reliable indicators of plant performance under reduced irrigation, with potential to inform the development of
simplified, decision-support tools for growers. Advances in sensor technologies could facilitate the adoption of
plant-based irrigation thresholds, improving water resource efficiency
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Detection and distribution of two dominant alleles associated with the sweet kernel phenotype in almond cultivated germplasm
Full text linkAlmond [Prunus dulcis Miller (D. A. Webb), syn. Prunus amygdalus L.)] is the major tree nut crop worldwide in terms of production and cultivated area. Almond domestication was enabled by the selection of individuals bearing sweet kernels, which do not accumulate high levels of the toxic cyanogenic glucoside amygdalin. Previously, we showed that the Sweet kernel (Sk) gene, controlling the kernel taste in almond, encodes a basic helix loop helix (bHLH) transcription factor regulating the amygdalin biosynthetic pathway. In addition, we characterized a dominant allele of this gene, further referred to as Sk-1, which originates from a C1036!T missense mutation and confers the sweet kernel phenotype. Here we provide evidence indicating that the allele further referred to as Sk-2, originally detected in the cultivar “Atocha” and arising from a T989!G missense mutation, is also dominantly inherited and confers the sweet kernel phenotype in almond cultivated germplasm. The use of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from genotyping by sequencing (GBS) for population structure and hierarchical clustering analyses indicated that Sk-2 occurs in a group of related genotypes, including the widespread cultivar “Texas”, descending from the same ancestral population. KASP and dual label functional markers were developed for the accurate and high-throughput selection of the Sk-1 and Sk-2 alleles, and the genotyping of a panel of 134 almond cultivars. Overall, our results provide further insights on the understanding of the almond cultivation history. In addition, molecular marker assays and genotypic data presented in this study are expected to be of major interest for the conduction of almond breeding programs, which often need to select sweet kernel individuals in segregant populationsThis study was carried out within the framework of: 1) the Agritech National Research Center, receiving funding from the European Union Next-GenerationEU (PIANO NAZIONALE DI RIPRESA E RESILIENZA (PNRR) – MISSIONE 4 COMPONENTE 2, INVESTIMENTO 1.4 – D.D. 1032 17/06/2022, CN00000022); 2) The project “Recupero e valorizzazione del germoplasma frutticolo pugliese” “Re.Ge.Frup.2.1”, receiving funds from “PSR Puglia 2014- 2020. Misura 10 - Sottomis. 10.2 - Operazione 10.2.1 - Progetti per la conservazione e valorizzazione delle risorse genetiche in agricoltura”; 3) the project “ALmond ADaptation in NOvel Environments: Multiscale Approach from Genome to Function PrediCtion: ALADINO MAGIC” (MINECO-Spain). This manuscript reflects only the authors’ views and opinions, neither the European Union nor the European Commission can be considered responsible for themPeer reviewe
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