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L’insediamento etrusco di San Giovenale (Blera, Viterbo). Caratterizzazione chimico-fisica dei residui delle attività produttive
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Le attività metallurgiche nell’isola di Vivara (Napoli) durante il Bronzo Medio: le evidenze delle scorie
Full text linkScambi commerciali dell’ossidiana nel Tirreno centro-meridionale: archeologia ed archeometria da Capri
No full textThe Officina Pigmentaria in Pompei: pigments and cosmetics
No full textAccording to the “Giornale di Scavo” of the Archaeological Superintendance of Pompeii, the first excavation in the Regio I, Insula 9 (I,9,9) took place in 1952. In a building of seven rooms there was a stair in opus incertum with the floors in cocciopesto. Near the skeletons of four individuals, about 150 globular bowls, fritilla and ollae were found. They were assigned the numbers between 9389 and 9700. Due to the high number of containers and to the presence of material inside, they have a high importance for the history of materials in Pompeii and in the Roman world. In particular, they should be important for the reconstruction of the painting history and techniques of this period. An investigation with different techniques for the identification of the contents composition and subsequently for the understanding of the materials present was then undertaken. For the study two molecular techniques were used, that is FT-IR spectroscopy and Raman microscopy. The first is able to supply information about the general composition of the compound present in the samples at least in the concentration of about 1 %. The second techniques can inform on the composition of single grains as small as 1-2 micrometers. Therefore, the results of the two techniques must help each other to understand what the analyzed powder is. The analyses of all the bowl contents are summarized in a long table, of which we report only a section. By comparing the results obtained some considerations come to light. Many containers have quartz and calcite, that are the main component of plasters, to which feldspars and pyrite can be added. At the same time diopside can come from eruptive rocks or from silicate materials heated to high temperature. Aragonite is present, sometimes at high concentration, in many pigments, and its presence can be due to natural provenance from white minerals, but more probably can be due to the grinding of shells. This is an important testimony of what is identified in white lines on colored background in Roman wall paintings. The blue pigment is always based on Egyptian blue, at the time of Pompeii destruction coming from Puteoli or Liternum. Green can be obtained by mixing a yellow and a blue, and this is generally found on wall paintings; more frequently green is ascertained to be a mixture of green earth and some Egyptian blue. Malachite and azurite are encountered as degradation products of copper and brass containers. Other rare occurrence are cuprite, also coming from alterations of a metal, and litharge, from alteration of cerussite or lead objects. The case of cerussite or hydrocerussite is different. It can be identified in many recipients, but it is not a pigment for wall paintings. Since it is known from Pliny and other authors that it was used as a fard, this can be a proof of the production and filling also of cosmetics containers in I, 9, 9
Archaeometric analysis of ceramic and bronze artifacts from the sanctuary of Hera at river Sele mouth: new results
No full textPIGMENTI E LEGANTI IN USO A POMPEI TRA LA FINE DEL II SEC.A.C. E IL 79 D.C. Casi studio: affresco “Scena di Mercato”, Casa de Bracciale D’Oro, Regio IX.
No full textLe operazioni di restauro possono essere eseguite con cognizione di causa se affiancate ad indagini archeometriche che permettano di conoscere la composizione chimico-fisica del manufatto; perrmettendo di individuare i prodotti più idonei agli interventi. Sono state eseguite indagini archeometriche mediante spettroscopia Raman ed IR (FT-IR), diffrazione e fluorescenza ai raggi X (XRD, XRF) e microscopia ottica in sezione lucida su campioni di intonaco dipinto prelevati a Pompei, per lo studio dei pigmenti e dei leganti.. I risultati sono stati confrontati conquelli ottenuti dalle indagini svolte negli ultimi vent’anni a Pompei, confermando o meno quanto già conosciuto in letteratura
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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