1,721,087 research outputs found
Rightward attentional bias and left hemisphere dominance in a cue-target light detection task in a callosotomy patient
No full textSix normal subjects and a callosotomized man with a prefrontal lesion, mostly on the right side, were tested in a reaction time (RT) task involving a key-pressing response to an extrafoveal light target preceded by an extrafoveal light cue. Cues and targets were presented along the horizontal meridian at 4 degrees and 12 degrees on the right and left of fixation. Fixation was maintained throughout each trial. The cue signalled the occurrence of the target within a lime window extending from 200 to 4000 msec from the cue, but did not predict target location. Normal controls responded faster to medial than to lateral targets in both fields, but showed no between-held difference, and their RT was not affected by cue location. Furthermore, they showed the so-called 'ipsilateral inhibition' or 'inhibition of return' effect, their RT being longer when cues and targets occurred in the same field than when they occurred in opposite fields. The RT of the callosotomized subject showed a left-right gradient for both cue location and target location, being longest for the leftmost location and shortest for the right locations. In addition, he showed a significant advantage for the right hand regardless of cue and target location, as well as a consistent ipsilateral inhibition in the left field, whereas in the right field there was ipsilateral inhibition only at the two longest stimulus onset asynchronies. These results suggest that, at least under these experimental conditions, there was a rightward orientational bias which reflected the taking over of the control of performance by the left hemisphere. This attentional bias was reminiscent of that seen in patients with hemi-inattention from right hemisphere damage, although the callosotomized patient showed no sign of such hemi-inattention in routine clinical tests. On the basis of several considerations the rightward bias could be attributed to the callosal interhemispheric disconnection rather than to the right prefrontal lesion. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd
La cultura classica come fattore di identità
No full textImportanza della cultura classica per la determinazione dell'identià italiana a livello culturale, letterario e linguistico
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A composite index to assess the complexity of environmental consciousness: Empirical evidence from European consumers.
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Paradoxically greater interhemispheric transfer deficits in partial than complete callosal agenesis
No full textSymptoms of interhemispheric disconnection are typically much less severe in callosal agenesis than after surgical section of the corpus callosum. Sperry [Sperry, R. W., Plasticity of neural maturation. Developmental Biology, 1968, 2 (Suppl.), 306-327.] has attributed this difference to two interconnected factors: (1) the callosal section is usually performed after the brain has lost the maximal degree of functional plasticity associated with the early stages of development and (2) the removal of an already formed structure is more disruptive for functional brain organization than the failure of the same structure ta develop. It has been suggested that functional compensation is less efficient if callosal agenesis is partial rather than complete [Dennis, M., Impaired sensory and motor differentiation with corpus callosum agenesis: A lack of callosal inhibition during ontogeny? Neuropsychologia, 1976, 14, 455-469.]. This suggestion is supported by the present findings of partial left-hand anemia, partial left-field alexia and poor tactile cross-localization in a subject with a congenital absence of the posterior part of the corpus callosum due to an arteriovenous malformation. In agreement with many previous studies, similar, though more severe, symptoms of interhemispheric disconnection were found in a subject with a complete section of the corpus callosum, but not in a subject with,complete callosal agenesis. Praxic control of the left hand on verbal commands was severely deficient in the callosotomy subject, but it was normal in the subject with callosal hypogenesis. The lesser degree of compensation in partial compared to complete callosal agenesis may be explained by a reduced pressure to develop extracallosal means of interhemispheric communication, contingent on the partial existence of callosal connections, as well as by the later occurrence in development of the causes of callosal hypogenesis compared to those of total callosal agenesis. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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