1,720,975 research outputs found
Recupero dei sottoprodotti di vinificazione per lo sviluppo di applicazioni alimentari innovative : stato dell’arte
No full textI sottoprodotti di vinificazione sono potenziali materie prime per una bioraffineria di seconda generazione, alimentata per produrre prodotti ad alto valore aggiunto per il settore alimentare. Infatti questi residui sono fonti eccellenti di olio, composti fenolici e fibra dietetica, possedendo quindi numerosi benefici per la salute umana e proprietà multifunzionali, come attività antiossidante e antimicrobica, potere colorante ed effetto texturizzante. Questo studio dello stato dell’arte presenta diverse strategie per la conversione di sottoprodotti di vinificazione in nuovi ingredienti alimentari e per il loro riutilizzo in alimenti innovativi, focalizzandosi sul tipo di ingrediente recuperato, la percentuale di aggiunta alla formulazione alimentare e il processo di trasformazione ottimale, evidenziando come è possibile aumentare il biovalore della filiera enologica
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Kinetic Model of Wheat Straw Autohydrolysis Considering Heating and Cooling Phases
No full textThermochemical and fractionation processes are promising ways for energy valorization and recovery of biomass and waste. An example is given by the application of a lignocellulosic fractionation process to recover both antioxidant phenolic compounds and cellulose from wheat straw, where a first hydrolysis step is carried out as a novel and green auto-hydrolysis process instead of conventional mild acid hydrolysis. Regarding this, the development of kinetic and reactor models that can represent the autohydrolysis process is crucial to exploit
the potential of the agricultural residues (e.g., wheat straw). Several mathematical models were investigated, but the more suitable models for optimization purposes seem to be those based on a non-isothermal kinetic model. However, these models have several shortcomings. For instance, in the autohydrolysis process for the recovery of cellulose and lignin from by-products, the heating and cooling phases are not taken into account.
Hence, from the point of view of energy optimization, closely linked also to economical optimization, this aspect becomes extremely important.
Therefore, the aim of this work was to briefly present and comment, similarly to review work, the severity factor model and the kinetic model already investigated in the scientific literature in order to enable their comparison with the newly developed method in the current work in terms of different key performance indicators (e.g., cellulose recovery or sugar release). Specifically, our model includes new equations that consider both heating and cooling phases during autohydrolysis of wheat straw, as well as the isothermal step. In this way, it could be possible to use the obtained kinetic parameters not only for a specific case but also for different situations involving a wide range of operating conditions
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Resistant Starch from Isolated White Sorghum Starch: Functional and Physicochemical Properties and Resistant Starch Retention After Cooking. A Comparative Study
No full textIn an effort to promote the formation of resistant starch (RS), four different modification methods are applied to isolated white sorghum (WS) starch by subjecting the latter to heat‐moisture treatment (RSa), annealing (RSb), hydrolysis through pullulanase debranching enzyme (RSc), and dual autoclaving‐cooling cycles (RSd). Functional and physicochemical properties, individual RS content, and the behavior after cooking in terms of apparent RS retention (aRSr) of samples (i.e., WS, RSa, RSb, RSc, and RSd) are compared. Differences in thermal and pasting properties, in the ratio of ordered starch to amorphous starch, along with lower solubility and swelling power values, and greater water absorption capacity are measured in the four RS ingredients when compared to native WS starch. All the four modification methods prove to be similarly effective in increasing the amount of RS with respect to native WS starch, with an average 30% increase. However, based on the aRSr values, analyses revealed that the greater heat stability after cooking was obtained for RSb (93.7%) and decreased in the order of RSb>RSc>RSa = RSd>WS. Present results shed light on the properties of modified WS starch as a potential heat‐stable source of RS for food applications
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