1,720,982 research outputs found
Hybrid solvers for composition and splitting methods
No full textAbstractComposition and splitting are useful techniques for constructing special purpose integration methods for numerically solving many types of differential equations. In this article we will review these methods and summarise the essential ingredients of an implementation that has recently been added to a framework for solving differential equations in Mathematica
FIRST ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS: EARLY HISTORY FOLLOWING JACOPO RICCATI AND GABRIELE MANFREDI
No full textn 1722 the Italian mathematician Jacopo Ric- cati (1676–1754) held a course of lectures on differential equations, which remained unpublished until 1761. They finally emerged, under the title Della separazione delle in- determinate nelle equazioni differenziali del primo grado e della riduzione delle equazioni differenziali del secondo e di altri gradi ulteriori, in the first of four tomes of his Opera Omnia. This treatise, following the Leibniz (1646–1716) tradition of seeking solutions finitely expressed in terms of known functions, focuses on the separation of variables, to integrate a broad class of ordinary differential equations, of first or higher order. Its first part, entitled Dei metodi inventati da varj celebri Autori per separare le indeterminate nelle equazioni differenziali del primo grado, makes a survey of all relevant integrating methods, known at that time. These are thanks to Gabriele Manfredi (1681–1761), Jakob Bernoulli (1654–1705), his younger brother Johann (1667– 1748), Vincenzo Riccati (1707–1775), son of Jacopo, and Jacopo himself: our paper considers those of them, which in our opinion are the smartest and most ingenious
Molecular and Mathematical Biology, Chemistry, Medicine and Medical Statistics, Bioinformatics and Numerical Analysis
No full textThis second volume of Series in Advanced Sciences is devoted to Mathematics and Statistics, in particular, with applications to Biology, Medicine and Computer Science. Life Sciences have become central in scientific research for years now, both for their wide range of advanced applications and for their usefulness in the treatment of complex and/or rare diseases affecting mankind. For example, experimentalists in biology, ecology and chemistry are increasingly looking at the methods and simulation tools that mathematicians, statisticians, physicists and computer scientists can offer trying to gain insights into the physical phenomena they are involved in.
This Volume opens with a thorough review by A. Tamborra and M. Bianchi on T regulatory cells and their biotechnological use. The second contribution by E. Bisquoli and V. Fusi is in the field of Chemistry and focuses on radiopharmaceutical designed for theranostic applications in medicine. M. Rocchi presents some key probabilistic-statistical techniques that were used by police investigative units on a recent Italian crime, while C. Rocchi, G. Jorio and M. Silvestrini focused on epilepsy as a medical prognostic factor in high grade gliomas.
We wished that this first part of the volume, mainly involved in biological, biotechnological and medical applications ended with a mini-review based on Leonardo Urbinati’s graduation thesis on the applications of the CRISPR technology in the treatment of HIV. Leonardo was a student of M. Carletti’s at the Degree course in Biotechnology of the University of Urbino C. Bo in the years 2014-2017, who unexpectedly left us on December 22, 2018, right at the beginning of his master in Bioinformatics at the University of Bologna. We are so grateful to Leonardo’s family for giving us the permission to let his thesis published, though in a minimum part, and thus be known by his friends and anyone else who had the privilege of being in contact with him. We sincerely thank our friend and Professor Marzia Bianchi, Leonardo’s supervisor, who accepted to write the mini-review on his behalf.
The second part of the volume is mainly concerned with applications of mathematics in different fields. A. Rizzo and M. Carletti propose a review in mathematical biology, regarding stochastic modeling of tumor-induced angiogenesis. The penultimate two papers deal with the mathematical modeling of bio–medical problems and their solution, by means of iterative numerical methods from linear algebra and differential equations, and the related convergence issues. In particular, the sixth article discusses the influence, on convergence, of Nonnegative Matrix Factorization initialization techniques for the analysis of microarray data and the extraction of information on biological processes interactions, while the seventh article focuses on stiff differential systems, arising in bio–medical applications, and presents a new strategy for stiffness detection and for switching between stiff/non-stiff solvers. The last paper presents an excursus into the history of differential equations, and describes the theoretical development of methods for the integration of first-order ordinary differential equations, from Leibniz to the Bernoulli brothers, Manfredi, Hermann and, above all, Riccati, which led to our current knowledge
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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