1,720,995 research outputs found
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and interleukin-1 overexpressions and soluble ICAM-1 and interleukin-4 increased serum levels in polymyositis/dermatomyositis are suppressed by pulsemethylprednisolone
No full textLinked activation of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase in peripheral monocytes of asymptomatic migraine without aura patients
No full textMany reports indicate that nitric oxide (NO) could be involved in migraine without aura (MWA), an extremely diffuse clinical event. Since monocyte may be a relevant source of NO, we analysed monocyte activation in MWA patients, in a period in which they were free of symptoms. NO basal production by MWA peripheral monocytes was significantly higher than in healthy subjects (91.25+/-8.6 mu M/10 degrees cells vs. 22.6+/-3.2 mu M /10(6) cells). Interestingly, even the release of prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)), was higher in MWA patients than in healthy subjects (3137+/-320 pg/10 degrees cells vs. 1531+/-220 pg/10(6) cells). The incubation of monocytes from healthy subjects and MWA patients with N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester caused a marked decrease of both NO and PGE(2) release. We hypothesise that NOS and cyclooxygenase pathways in monocytes are linked and are, in MWA patients, up-regulated, even in a symptoms-free period. NO and PGE(2) hyperproduction could therefore be involved in the neurovascular modifications leading to migraine attacks
Alteration of cytolytic and proliferative responsiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cluster headache patients to interleukin-2
No full textCluster headache (CH) is a primary headache of unknown etiology and various immunological abnormalities have been found in these patients. In a previous paper a reduced activity of Natural Killer (NK) cells have been demonstrated in these patents. This study describes the effects of Interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the NK cell activity, on the IL-2 receptor (CD25) expression, and on the proliferative ability by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from CH patients. We found that IL-2 was highly effective in the restoration of the low NK activity found in CH patients; that IL-2 stimulated PBMC from patients evidenced a proportion of CD25 positive cells lower than that found in PBMC from control subjects and finally, that IL-2 was not able to increase the low proliferative ability of PBMC from CH patients. These results provide an additional evidence of the alteration of immunological status in patients affected by CH
Upregulated expression of peripheral serotonergic receptor in migraine and cluster headache by sumatriptan
No full textThe double-label flow cytometric analysis of peripheral serotonergic pathways of migraine and cluster headache on a monocyte model has been used to evaluate the activity of drugs with a selective activity on central vascular 5-HT1D receptors, such as sumatriptan, ergotamine and ondansetron. The results indicated that sumatriptan and ergotamine progressively increase the peripheral expression of 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine, serotonin). The increase obtained in migraine after ergotamine is more evident than that obtained in cases of cluster headache. Ondansetron produced a moderate increase in serotonergic expression only in cluster headache. The events that occur at intracranic neural and vascular level may cause the described changes of 5-HT expression on the monocyte model as an indirect, reflective, peripheral registration of central serotonergic variations during headache attack as well as during the drug-sustained recovery phase
Discrepancies between Europena countries and USA and Canada in the availability of triptans and their licensed clinical properties.
No full textTriptans are presently a milestone in the treatment of migraine patients. Because of their effectiveness and safety, they have radically improved migraine treatment but their use has meant a substantial increase in spending for medicines. We compared available pharmaceutical forms, pack sizes, indications and dosages of triptans as listed in the summary of product characteristics of eight countries. We found that several differences exist between countries in the presentations of the triptans and in their licensing
Function of the peripheral serotoninergic pathways in migraine: proposal for an experimental model
No full text(1993 Greppi International Award) We propose a model for assessing the function of 5HT receptors in migraine by evaluating their expression on monocytes by means of double-labeling fluorocytometry (CD14-positive cells FITC-labeled). This model demonstrates that during headache induced in migraine without aura sufferers given isosorbide dinitrate followed by sumatriptan treatment 5HT expression on monocytes progressively increases. This increase may be due to the activation of 5HT turnover and to the increased availability of 5HT displaced by sumatriptan from cerebrovascular receptors during head pain
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Connection between lower natural killer function and susceptibility to viral infections in cluster headache
No full text(Suppl 7
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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