711 research outputs found
Conventional, non-conventional extraction techniques and new strategies for the recovery of bioactive compounds from plant material for human nutrition
No full textCurrent food market demands authentic safe and nutritional food that is described as fresh and natural while being produced with sustainable industrial production (Granato et al., 2018). Functional foods is one such foods labeled as “natural health products” or “health foods” able to provide medicinal effects as well as be replacement to drug therapy (Brown, Caligiuri, Brown, & Pierce, 2018). Often such foods has some biologically active compounds (BACs) that are extracted from medicinal plants (Zhu et al., 2018), vegetables (Montesano, Rocchetti, Putnik, & Lucini, 2018; Poojary et al., 2017), fruits (Barba et al., 2017; Putnik & Bursać Kovačevć, 2017) or by-products from food production (Granato, Nunes, & Barba, 2017; Putnik et al., 2017). By-products of food production are very good sustainable and economic raw materials for food and pharmaceutical industry (Putnik et al., 2017)
Opening New Roads for Multi-Directional Functional Applications Through In Vitro Chemical and Biological Analysis of Zoegea leptaurea L. Extracts
No full textZoegea leptaurea L. has been traditionally used to treat digestive issues, headaches, and skin diseases. This study aimed to evaluate, for the first time, the phenolic content, antioxidant potential, enzyme inhibition, cytotoxic anti-biofilm/probiotic properties of the flowers, stems, leaves, and aerial parts of Z. leptaurea. Results indicated that 70% EtOH extraction yielded the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents across different plant organs, with the highest levels recorded in the flowers (44.86 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g) and leaves (28.84 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g), respectively. Chlorogenic acid was the predominant compound in the stems and leaves, with the highest concentration obtained using 70% EtOH (5919.1 mg/kg and 10,786.70 mg/kg, respectively). The 70% EtOH extract of the flowers exhibited the strongest antiradical activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] = 45.10 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g); 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid [ABTS] = 64.53 mg TE/g) and ion-reducing capacity (Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity [CUPRAC] = 118.81 mg TE/g; ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP] = 65.29 mg TE/g). The EtOH extract of the flowers and the EtOAc extract of the aerial parts exhibited the highest anti-acetylcholinesterase activity (2.79 and 2.56 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g), with the latter also displaying the strongest anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity (3.35 mg GALAE/g). The strongest cytotoxic effect was observed in the EtOAc extract of the leaves against lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549), with an IC50 value of 18.39 μg/mL. Additionally, the inhibitory activity of the extracts against immature and mature biofilms formed by pathogenic bacteria was assessed, revealing notable antibiofilm activity. Concurrently, the extracts stimulated the growth of five probiotic strains, with some reaching up to six times their respective control growth levels. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that Z. leptaurea is a promising source of bioactive compounds and warrants further investigation for its potential role in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases
Technological, nutritional, and sensory properties of durum wheat fresh pasta fortified with Moringa oleifera L. leaf powder
No full textBACKGROUND: Pasta is a staple food that is consumed worldwide and is an excellent product for the addition of ingredients rich in bioactive compounds. The fortification of pasta with such compounds could represent a healthy choice for consumers. RESULTS: In this study, fresh pasta was formulated by replacing durum wheat semolina with 0, 5, 10, and 15 g 100 g−1 of dried Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP), rich in fibers, minerals, and antioxidant compounds. Increasing levels of MOLP influenced the technological and nutritional properties of wheat-based fresh pasta. Moringa oleifera reduced the optimum cooking time, the swelling index and firmness, while increasing the cooking loss and adhesiveness. From a nutritional viewpoint, the inclusion of MOLP enhanced the phenol content, the antioxidant activity, and the mineral content of fresh pasta. The products obtained had good sensorial acceptability and can make several nutritional claims due to MOLP richness minerals. CONCLUSIONS: The fortification of fresh pasta with MOLP could represent a valuable strategy to increase the nutritional value of the product, preserving pasta technological properties without affecting sensory acceptability. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Profiling of polyphenols and sesquiterpenoids using different extraction methods in Muscari turcicum, an endemic plant from Turkey
No full textMuscari turcicum, endemic to south Anatolia, Turkey, represents an unexplored crop plant, with potential therapeutic uses related to its phytochemical composition. In this work, the in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of flower, leaf and bulb extracts, obtained using different extraction methods were evaluated. A comprehensive polyphenolic and sesquiterpene lactones profiling of the different extracts was also undertaken. For this purpose, UHPLC-QTOF mass spectrometry allowed us to putatively annotate 280 phytochemical compounds of which 162 were polyphenols and 118 were sesquiterpene lactones. The most abundant polyphenols were flavonoids (77 compounds), phenolic acids (34 compounds), and low molecular weight phenols (38 compounds). Muscari turcicum leaf methanol extract possessed the highest concentrations of low-molecular-weight phenolics, phenolic acids, and sesquiterpene lactones (20.61, 7.00, and 3.44 mg standard equivalent/g, respectively). The water extract of M. turcicum flower obtained by infusion showed prominent reducing (120.52 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g mg TE/g for both CUPRAC and FRAP) and radical scavenging potential (91.39 mg TE/g, for DPPH assay). Besides, M. turcicum flower methanol extract (13.44 mg EDTA equivalent/g) showed the highest metal chelating activity. Interestingly, methanol extracts obtained by Soxhlet extraction and maceration actively inhibited tyrosinase (129.36 mg kojic acid equivalent/g) and cholinesterases (5.15 mg galantamine equivalent [GALAE]/g and 6.16 mg GALAE/g, for acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase) respectively. Strong correlations (p < 0.01) were observed between polyphenols/sesquiterpenoids and observed biological activities. Scientific evidences presented in this study has provided baseline data for bioprospection of novel pharmaceutical/cosmetic candidates from Muscari turcicum, thus supporting its therapeutic exploitation
D-Optimal Design-Based Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Optimization and Extensive Bio-Structural Analysis of Phenolic Compounds from Romanian Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Genotypes
No full textCornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits are increasingly recognized for their rich phytochemical composition and health-promoting properties, which position them as promising candidates for nutraceutical and functional food applications. This study aimed to optimize ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolic compounds using a D-optimal design and to compare the phenolic profiles and bioactivities of ten Romanian genotypes (B351, F581, F2021, FXI1, M13, M16, MH41, MH51, SB3, and SB23). Optimal UAE conditions, 70% ethanol, 60 min, and 20% amplitude, yielded a TPC of optimized extract of 32.1 mg GAE/g and an antioxidant capacity (ABTS) of 80.2 mg TE/g lyophilized extract. Phytochemical analysis identified 295 phenolic compounds, with the optimized extract containing 1736.2 μg Eq/g dry matter, particularly enriched in flavanols (356.8 μg Eq/g) and other phenolics (853.2 μg Eq/g). Significant genotypic variability was observed: TPC ranged from 9.1 to 23.3 mg GAE/g extract, and antioxidant activities ranged from 20.9 to 47.5 mg TE/g (DPPH), 23.0 to 57.8 mg TE/g (FRAP), and 23.5 to 57.6 mg TE/g (ABTS). Enzyme inhibition assays revealed moderate inhibition of α-glucosidase (IC50: 119.7–329.0 μg/mL), α-amylase (IC50: 162.6–1447.6 μg/mL), and pancreatic lipase (IC50: 1179.1–1824.0 μg/mL). Correlation analysis highlighted cyanidin, catechin, and oleuropein equivalents as key contributors to bioactivity. These results underscore the relevance of genotype selection and process optimization in maximizing the functional potential of C. mas extracts for the prevention of oxidative stress and metabolic disorders
The uhplc-qtof-ms phenolic profiling and activity of cydonia oblonga mill. Reveals a promising nutraceutical potential
No full textCydonia oblonga Mill., normally known as the quince fruit, has been widely used in agro-food industries mainly to produce jams and jellies. However, other parts of the plants are still underutilized and not completely assessed for their nutraceutical profile. Therefore, in this work, the polyphenolic profile of C. oblonga was investigated using an untargeted metabolomics approach based on high-resolution mass spectrometry. Several compounds were identified in the different parts of the plants, including flavonoids (i.e., anthocyanins, flavones, flavan-3-ols, and flavonols), phenolic acids (both hydroxycinnamics and hydroxybenzoics), low-molecular-weight phenolics (tyrosol equivalents), lignans, and stilbenes. Overall, C. oblonga leaves showed the highest in vitro antioxidant potential, as revealed by 2,2-difenil-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays, being 189.5, 285.6, 158.9, and 348.8 mg Trolox Equivalent/g, respectively. The enzymes acetyl-and butyryl-cholinesterases were both inhibited by the different plant parts of C. oblonga, with stems showing the higher inhibitory potential. Interestingly, the fruit extracts were the only parts inhibiting the α-glucosidase, with a value of 1.36 mmol acarbose equivalents (ACAE)/g. On the other hand, strong tyrosinase inhibition was found for stems and leaves, being 72.11 and 68.32 mg Kojic acid Equivalent/g, respectively. Finally, a high number of significant (0.05 < p < 0.01) correlations were outlined between phenolics (mainly anthocyanins, flava-3-ols, and tyrosol equiva-lents) and the different biological assays. Taken together, our findings suggest a potential exploitation of C. oblonga leaves and stems for the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries
Milk metabolome reveals pyrimidine and its degradation products as the discriminant markers of different corn silage-based nutritional strategies - Supplemental Table 1
No full textSupplementary table 1. Diet ingredient formulation considering the different nutritional strategy-based clusters (Gallo et al., 2022)
Nutritional, physical and sensory characteristics of gluten-free biscuits incorporated with a novel resistant starch ingredient
No full textGluten-free (GF) biscuits were prepared by replacing part of a GF flour mix (GFM) with 0, 15, 30 and 45 g/100 g (total flour) with a novel resistant starch-rich ingredient obtained from annealed white sorghum starch (RSWS). The chemical composition, physical characteristics, in vitro starch digestion and sensory evaluation of biscuits, were considered. The chemical composition of samples was influenced by the addition of the RSWS. The highest total dietary fibre and RS contents (p < 0.05) were measured in 45-RSWS biscuits. The starch hydrolysis index values decreased when the level of RSWS increased in the composite. With regard to quality parameters, the use of RSWS influenced the hardness of the biscuits, and the highest value obtained for 45-RSWS. Some of the selected sensory attributes, along with the overall acceptability score, were negatively influenced by the RSWS addition, even if all remained above the limit of acceptability. The use of RSWS in GF biscuit formulation can contribute towards the creation of food products likely having slowly digestible starch properties, and this can be achieved without drastically compromising on the quality and sensory attributes
UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS phenolic profiling and antioxidant capacity of bee pollen from different botanical origin
No full textIn this work, bee pollen samples from different botanical origin were investigated for antioxidant capacity. Thereafter, a phenolic profiling was produced through a mass spectrometric untargeted metabolomic approach. Marked differences were identified in TPC, ranging from 4.2 (Magnolia) to 29.6 mg g−1 GAE (Lamium). Wide differences were also recorded in antioxidant capacity (ORAC, ABTS and DPPH assays). Untargeted profiling allowed annotating 467 compounds with flavonoids being the most frequent class of phenolics followed by phenolic acids, tyrosols, lignans and other. OPLS-DA clearly discriminated the most represented floral families (Umbelliferae, Rosaceae and Fabaceae), suggesting, thus, that botanical origin leaves a characteristic phenolic signature in pollen. Overall, 35 phenolics accounted for most of the discrimination, with flavonoids being the most represented class. Despite the fact that further research is needed, the phenolic profile of bee pollen is a promising tool to investigate the botanical origin
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