1,721,268 research outputs found
Drivers affecting revenues and premium price for producers in the Fairtrade certification system
No full textThis research develops from the collaboration between the no-profit organization Fairtrade Italia and the University of the Studies of Milan. The aim of the study is to provide an analysis as comprehensive as possible of the Fairtrade producers' organizations, focusing on the factors that lead to greater success in the participation in the certification system in terms of revenues. Furthermore, we also investigate the features that lead to a higher premium, the amount of money received on top of selling price for certified products to be spent in organization and community projects.
The novelty of this study is that it analyzes the Fairtrade affiliated organizations from the comprehensive dataset on worldwide certified producers collected by the Monitory, Evaluation and Learning program, that has never been analyzed before. The database comprises information on all the certified producer organizations, including every product and country; exogenous country-specific data has been added.
Data refer to 2013 and includes 878 producers' organizations, distributed in 77 developing countries. Using a linear regression model, the analysis highlights the roles of the duration of participation in Fairtrade, organization size, yields, labour intensity, percentage of females and degree of involvement in the network as crucial determinants.
Finding determinants of the revenues and the premium derived from Fairtrade more analytically, concerning the stated goals of Fairtrade and to the previous findings from the literature, can improve knowledge about the effectiveness and the impact of the Fairtrade system on producers' organizations and their communities
Correlazione tra diagnosi ecografica prenatale e postanatale delle uropatie: ha valore uno screening di massa?
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
50 SHUNTS DI WARREN CONFEZIONATI CONTECNICA MICROCHIRURGICA IN 8 REVISIONE CRITICAE CONCLUSIONI
No full textExploring the approach to socio-economic evaluation of technologies in circular economy using residual agricultural biomass
Full text linkQuantifying Agricultural Biomass Potential in a Circular Economy: A Comprehensive National Study
In the context of a circular economy, the effective utilization of agricultural biomass is paramount, particularly given the potential for biomass to be transformed into energy, thus reducing dependency on non-renewable resources. This study endeavours to estimate the available biomass derived from various agricultural activities across the national territory by intersecting data from the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) concerning agricultural production across different product categories, with data from the JRC - Biomass estimates database. This database, a collaborative project between the Joint Research Centre (JRC) and the Nova-Institute, quantifies the production and residues of agricultural biomass, incorporating indicators such as harvested biomass, agricultural residues (categorised into used and non-used), domestic extraction used (DEU), harvested area, and the yield of the domestic extraction used.
The preliminary results gleaned from this cross-analysis reveal a rich tapestry of biomass distribution across the national landscape, emphasising the variations in biomass production and residue utilisation among different crops and regions. It becomes evident that specific crops and their corresponding regions demonstrate a higher efficiency in biomass utilization, with a prominent presence of harvested biomass and used agricultural residues. These findings are indicative of the potentialities that lie within the realm of agricultural biomass and its strategic role in fostering a circular economy.
Understanding the nuances of these findings is vital in comprehending the multi-faceted nature of agricultural biomass within the national territory. The intricate interplay between harvested biomass, agricultural residues, and DEU highlights the need for a holistic approach towards maximizing biomass utilization and minimizing wastage. The implications of these findings extend far beyond the realms of agriculture and bioenergy, providing a framework that can be leveraged to inform policy-making, enhance sustainable farming practices, and foster a more efficient and circular agricultural sector.
This study serves as a stepping stone towards a comprehensive understanding of the biomass potential from agricultural activities within the national territory. While the preliminary results offer a glimpse into the vast potentialities of agricultural biomass, further research is essential to delve deeper into the intricacies of biomass production, utilization, and transformation within the context of a circular economy. As we move forward, the insights derived from this study will prove invaluable in guiding the nation towards a sustainable and circular future, rooted in the efficient utilization of its agricultural biomass resources
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Consumers’ preferences for biodiversity: a choice experiment on wine
No full textIn recent years consumers’ concerns for environmental impact of food production has significantly increased, also due to food sustainability, food safety and food security issues. Environmental concerns are steering consumers to better understand the impact of production processes, and to increase consumers’ demand for products that carefully consider environment protection. A number of certification systems for environmental-friendly products have been created, as occurred for water-saving labels, fishery sustainable labels and others. Among several environmental issues, the protection of biodiversity has recently gained popularity both in public opinion and in scientific debate. Biodiversity in the vineyard has been seen as a limiting factor to be eliminated for a long time, but recent research proved how it can affect the production process in different positive ways. At our knowledge, there is a gap in literature on assessing consumers’ willingness to pay for agricultural practices able to maintain or implement biodiversity in the vineyards. This paper implements a Choice Experiment on wine consumers to estimate their WTP for biodiversity conservation practices in vineyards. The survey was conducted by direct interviews in a wine tasting event in an italian winery located at Montefano, in the Marche Region. According to the main results, biodiversity issue in wine certification seems to be positively accepted by consumers, who are willing to pay a premium price. Moreover, the WTP for this attribute does not exist only for medium-high price wines, but also for low-price wines, revealing a consumer’s sensitivity for biodiversity issue over a range of products with different prices. In addition, quality of the wine and price remains important attributes in purchasing choices, and this is a precise productive indication, that is the consumer considers very carefully the wine's reputation for quality
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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