6,289 research outputs found
RRS Discovery Cruise 306, 23 Jun-06 Jul 2006. Pelagic biogeochemistry of the PAP Site
No full textThe aim of this cruise was to develop a better understanding of carbon cycling in the pelagic waters of the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP). There were three objectives 1) Turnaround moorings at the PAP Observatory; 2) Conduct a 1-D time series on the central station of a wide range of biogeochemical processes and to back this up with a mesoscale survey of key variables; 3) To trial the use of Autosub for mesoscale surveys in conjunction with the ship. All objectives were met, although the tops of the moorings were found to be missing probably due to fishing activity and the Autosub trials were incomplete due to vehicle failure. A full mesoscale survey was carried out using the ship and an eleven day time series at the central station was achieved
Effect of pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) on the infection of plant viruses
No full textAt a concentration of 0.4-mu-g purified pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP)/ml, the formation of local lesions on tobacco leaves caused by tobacco mosaic virus infection was completely inhibited and at 25 ng PAP/ml, 68% inhibition was still obtained. PAP protected plants from infection by viruses from seven virus groups-five RNA viruses: tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, alfalfa mosaic virus, potato virus X and potato virus Y; and two DNA viruses: African cassava mosaic virus (ssDNA) and cauliflower mosaic virus (dsDNA). Virus infection was probably blocked by PAP at a very early stage. PAP infiltrated into the intercellular spaces through the lower surfaces of leaves inhibited infection by virus inoculated on the upper leaf surface, and partially prevented PVY transmission by aphids. However, PAP did not show any activity against two bacterial and six fungal pathogens
Poly(A) polymerase (PAP) diversity in gene expression – Star-PAP vs canonical PAP
No full textAbstractAlmost all eukaryotic mRNAs acquire a poly(A) tail at the 3′-end by a concerted RNA processing event: cleavage and polyadenylation. The canonical PAP, PAPα, was considered the only nuclear PAP involved in general polyadenylation of mRNAs. A phosphoinositide-modulated nuclear PAP, Star-PAP, was then reported to regulate a select set of mRNAs in the cell. In addition, several non-canonical PAPs have been identified with diverse cellular functions. Further, canonical PAP itself exists in multiple isoforms thus illustrating the diversity of PAPs. In this review, we compare two nuclear PAPs, Star-PAP and PAPα with a general overview of PAP diversity in the cell. Emerging evidence suggests distinct niches of target pre-mRNAs for the two PAPs and that modulation of these PAPs regulates distinct cellular functions
RSS Discovery Cruise 296, 14-23 Jul 2005. Cork, Eire to Lisbon, Portugal. PAP observatory development
No full textDiscovery cruise 296 was one of a sequence of cruises to the repeat study site on the Porcupine Abyssal Plain, the so called “PAP observatory” at 49°N, 16.5°W. This study site has a water depth of 4800m and has been studied since 1989 from the perspective of the upper water column biogeochemistry, the downward flux of particulate matter and the ecology andbiogeochemistry of the underlying seabed. The site is 300km to the northeast of the location of the JGOFS NABE site that was the focus of an international experiment in 1989. Since 2003 it has formed part of the ANIMATE network of observatories in the Northeast Atlantic. This cruise followed immediately from D295T during which similar work was carried out. This report therefore covers the activity which was common to both cruises as well as that which was only carried out on D296 (Benthic studies).<br/
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Development of prostrate cancer vaccine using PAP as target antigen
No full textTreatment options for patients with advanced prostate cancer (PC) still remain limited and rarely curative. The prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is prostate specific protein over-expressed in more than 90% of prostate tumours. Although an FDA-approved vaccine for the treatment of advanced prostate disease, PROVENGE® (sipuleucel-T), has been shown to prolong survival, the precise sequence of the PAP protein responsible for the outcome remains unknown. As the PAP antigen is one of the very few prostate-specific antigens for which there is a rodent equivalent with high homology, pre-clinical studies using PAP have the potential to be directly relevant to the clinical setting. The current study identified HLA-A2 and HLA-DR1 PAP-derived peptides using the transgenic HHDII/DR1 and C57Bl/6 mice. The PAP-114-128 (15-mer) peptide was shown to elicit CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell-specific responses in C57Bl/6 mice. Furthermore, when immunised in a DNA vector format (ImmunoBody), PAP-114-128 was able to prevent and reduce the growth of TRAMP C1 prostate cancer cell-derived tumours in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings
Ileal Mucosal and Fecal Pancreatitis Associated Protein Levels Reflect Severity of Salmonella Inflection in Rats
No full textBackground Microbial infections induce ileal pancreatitis-associated protein/regenerating gene III (PAP/RegIII) mRNA expression. Despite increasing interest, little is known about the PAP/RegIII protein. Therefore, ileal mucosal PAP/RegIII protein expression, localization, and fecal excretion were studied in rats upon Salmonella infection. Results Salmonella infection increased ileal mucosal PAP/RegIII protein levels in enterocytes located at the crypt-villus junction. Increased colonization and translocation of Salmonella was associated with higher ileal mucosal PAP/RegIII levels and secretion of this protein in feces. Conclusions PAP/RegIII protein is increased in enterocytes of the ileal mucosa during Salmonella infection and is associated with infection severity. PAP/RegIII is excreted in feces and might be used as a new and non-invasive infection marke
RSS James Clark Ross Cruise 221, 26 May – 05 Jun 2010. PAP observatory development
No full textThis very short cruise was primarily to deploy a novel moored observatory at PAP (NE Atlantic), a long term study site at which a variety of observations have been made over the past 20 years with increasing levels of intensity and sophistication. This new design was in collaboration with the UK Met Office.In addition to this, a benthic lander was to be deployed which would transmit data by an acoustic link to the surface buoy and hence to land by satellite link. Unfortunately this was lost due to an imploding sphere.A number of equipment trials were also carried out to good effect. In addition studies were made on the effects of high CO2 of calcifying phytoplankton. A team of photographers were present to in order to increase public awareness of observational oceanography and numerous interviews were completed. In addition a daily web diary was maintained by the EuroSITES outreach team
A Cold Civil War? French Historian Pap Ndiaye and American novelist Jake Lamar discuss racial turmoil in the USA and its echoes in France
No full textOn February 1, 2022, the American Library in Paris launched its Black History Month program with a conversation between two well-known figures in France’s international Black community. Pap Ndiaye is a historian of French and Senegalese descent. As a professor at Sciences Po, he popularized the study of race and identity in French academia, most notably with his book La Condition noire. In 2021, he was appointed direc- tor of the National Museum of the History of Immigration in Paris. Jake Lamar is an African American writer who has lived in Paris since 1993. He is the prize-winning author of a memoir, seven novels and a play and teaches creative writing at Sciences Po. What follows are edited excerpts of their exchange
Comparison of Pap Smear Preparation Quality Containing Orange G and Without Orange G on the Results of the Papanicoulou Painting
No full textExamination procedure for pap smear preparation is influenced by fixation, drying and painting, and interpretation capability of examination. The Papanicolaou painting uses Harris Hematoxylin, Eosin Azure (EA) -50, and orange G. Orange G colors the orange matured and keratin cells Keratinizing-pink/orange cells. Chromatin in the nucleus will bind alkaline paint (hematoxylin) and cytoplasm protein will bind acidic paint (Orange G) and nucleus in the core will bind acid paint (EA 50) so that the cell will turn into pink with a blue core. The coloring stage according to procedure is using Orange G, but some PA laboratories do not use Orange G. The research goal is to know the comparison of pap smear preparation quality which contains orange G and without orange G towards papanicoulou painting result. The research type is experimental; the sample was 16 samples with two treatments namely coloring which using Orange G and without Orange G. The preparation quality which contains Orange G obtained moderate result of 12.5%, and good 87.5%. The preparation quality without Orange G was not good result of 6.3%, moderate 18.8%, and good 75%. The statistical test result of Chi Square and Kappa showed that the result was p>0.05 which means that comparison result of preparation quality which contains orange G and without orange G there was no significant difference
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