6 research outputs found
Genetically modified animals in the food and pharmaceutical chains: economics, public perception and policy implications
No full textThis paper presents ongoing results of the EU project PEGASUS (Public Perception of Genetically modified Animals – Science, Utility and Society, 7th FP).The overall objective is to provide support for future policy regarding the development, implementation and commercialisation of genetically modified (GM) animals, both terrestrial and aquatic, together with the foods and pharmaceutical products derived from them. Food products derived from GM animals have not yet entered the market. Nonetheless, the ongoing discussion about GM crops and the recently initiated discussions about the safety and ethics of foods and pharmaceutical products derived from cloned animals have set the stage for the socio-economical issues that will surround the introduction of GM animals in the food and pharmaceutical chains. This papers shows the economic and governance pros and cons of GM applications in the animal and pharmaceutical chains, as well as the factors affecting their adoption. Public and producers acceptance, technical improvements and public policies are considered as the main factors affecting the application of GM animals techniques in livestock and pharmaceutical chains
Factors Affecting the Adoption of Genetically Modified Animals in the Food and Pharmaceutical Chains
No full textThe production of genetically modified (GM) animals is an emerging technique that could potentially impact the livestock and pharmaceutical industries. Currently, food products derived from GM animals have not yet entered the market whilst two pharmaceutical products have. The objective of this paper is twofold: first it aims to explore the socio-economic drivers affecting the use of GM animals and, second, to review the risks and benefits from the point of view of the life sciences. A scoping study was conducted to assess research relevant to understanding the main drivers influencing the adoption of GM applications and their potential risks and benefits. Public and producers’ acceptance, public policies, human health, animal welfare, environmental impact and sustainability are considered as the main factors affecting the application of GM animal techniques in livestock and pharmaceutical chains
Participatory Approaches in Agricultural Research: A Case Study of the Andhra Pradesh Netherlands Biotechnology Programme
No full textIn the continuum of basic to applied to adaptive research in agriculture, farmers were seen as valuable source of knowledge, which in the process was respected and empowered. However, the mainstream research and development (R&D) organizations still have to acknowledge farmers as partners of technology development. In addition to the on-farm research and extension activities, an exclusive domain of development intervention is needed to enhance the farmers\u27 capacities in developing new technologies. In this endeavour, a number of tools and techniques were developed by the concerted efforts of sociologists, economists and scientists. Among these, the most widely used tools are the rapid rural appraisal ((RRA), participatory rural appraisal (PRA), participatory technology development (PTD) and interactive bottom up (/BU) approaches. The APNL Biotechnology Programme is one such programme which uses IBU approach for developing agricultural biotechnologies for small-scale farmers and tries to assess its impact. Programme involves various stakeholders including farmers, scientists, extensionists, NGO staff, policy makers, etc. In the technology development proces
Changing Paradigms in Agricultural Research
No full text In general, developments at new frontiers of science and technology exert significant impacts on the way the research is thought about and executed. Agricultural R&D is no exception to this. The discovery of the double-helical model of DNA by Watson and Crick in 1953 and the later developments in the field of biotechnology made agricultural research more knowledge- and capital-intensive. Furthermore, with the liberalization of economies the world over, the private sector emerged as a key player in agricultural research. While public sector institutions continue to concentrate on meeting ever increasing food demands, the private sector tends to focus on crops that would generate profitable returns, thereby raising concerns about meeting the needs of small and marginal farmers. This paper reviews various paradigms that are evolving in agricultural research and answers the following questions: (a) what are the different paradigms in agricultural research; (b) how are these paradigms affecting the priorities for research; (c) what is the impact of such shifts in priorities in agriculture on the variety of end-users; and (d) are there any institutional arrangements to cater for the needs of the small and resource-poor farmers whose needs are bypassed by these shifts in priorities? Following this, the innovative model of the Andhra Pradesh Netherlands Biotechnology Programme that aims to produce need-based technologies is discussed. </jats:p
Determinants of Public Perception on Biotechnological Innovations
No full textBiotechnology is one of the key technologies which would resolve present burning problems like climate change. Pollution, malnutrition, drought and salinity and lead to sustainable development. Biotechnology has become a complex technology with its wide scope for generating multiple innovations across various industries. Unfortunately there are some apprehensions about biotechnological innovations like r-DNA technology, cloning technology etc. Due to lack of reliable information on biotechnological innovations and their utility in various industries, people are unable to perceive the merits and demerits of biotechnology. Hence it is necessary to address these issues for sustainable scientific governance. In India, the rate of generation and dissemination of inventions in biotechnology is fagging due to societal agitation on use of Bt. technology in food crops like brinjal, maize etc. and ethical concerns over GM animals. This study focuses on determinants of public perception and attitude towards biotechnological innovation
Determinants of Public Perception on Biotechnological Innovations
No full textBiotechnology is one of the key technologies which would resolve presentburning problems like climate change, pollution, malnutrition, drought andsalinity and lead to sustainable development. Biotechnology has become acomplex technology with its wide scope for generating multiple innovationsacross various industries. Unfortunately there are some apprehensions aboutbiotechnological innovations like r-DNA technology, cloning technology etc.Due to lack of reliable information on biotechnological innovations and theirutility in various industries, people are unable to perceive the merits anddemerits of biotechnology. Hence it is necessary to address these issues forsustainable scientific governance. In India, the rate of generation anddissemination of inventions in biotechnology is lagging due to societalagitation on use of Bt. technology in food crops like brinjal, maize etc. andethical concerns over GM animals. This study focuses on determinants ofpublic perception and attitude towards biotechnological innovations
