242 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-tan-10.1177_17562864221142924 – Supplemental material for Comparative effectiveness of natalizumab versus ocrelizumab in multiple sclerosis: a real-world propensity score–matched study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-tan-10.1177_17562864221142924 for Comparative effectiveness of natalizumab versus ocrelizumab in multiple sclerosis: a real-world propensity score–matched study by Katrin Pape, Leoni Rolfes, Falk Steffen, Muthuraman Muthuraman, Melanie Korsen, Sven G. Meuth, Frauke Zipp and Stefan Bittner in Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders</p
Supplement_TAND_050219 – Supplemental material for Longitudinal cortical network reorganization in early relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis
No full textSupplemental material, Supplement_TAND_050219 for Longitudinal cortical network reorganization in early relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis by Vinzenz Fleischer, Nabin Koirala, Amgad Droby, René-Maxime Gracien, Ralf Deichmann, Ulf Ziemann, Sven G. Meuth, Muthuraman Muthuraman, Frauke Zipp and Sergiu Groppa in Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders</p
Dynamic imaging of coherent sources reveals different network connectivity underlying the generation and perpetuation of epileptic seizures
Get PDFThe concept of focal epilepsies includes a seizure origin in brain regions with hyper synchronous activity (epileptogenic zone and seizure onset zone) and a complex epileptic network of different brain areas involved in the generation, propagation, and modulation of seizures. The purpose of this work was to study functional and effective connectivity between regions involved in networks of epileptic seizures. The beginning and middle part of focal seizures from ictal surface EEG data were analyzed using dynamic imaging of coherent sources (DICS), an inverse solution in the frequency domain which describes neuronal networks and coherences of oscillatory brain activities. The information flow (effective connectivity) between coherent sources was investigated using the renormalized partial directed coherence (RPDC) method. In 8/11 patients, the first and second source of epileptic activity as found by DICS were concordant with the operative resection site; these patients became seizure free after epilepsy surgery. In the remaining 3 patients, the results of DICS / RPDC calculations and the resection site were discordant; these patients had a poorer post-operative outcome. The first sources as found by DICS were located predominantly in cortical structures; subsequent sources included some subcortical structures: thalamus, Nucl. Subthalamicus and cerebellum. DICS seems to be a powerful tool to define the seizure onset zone and the epileptic networks involved. Seizure generation seems to be related to the propagation of epileptic activity from the primary source in the seizure onset zone, and maintenance of seizures is attributed to the perpetuation of epileptic activity between nodes in the epileptic network. Despite of these promising results, this proof of principle study needs further confirmation prior to the use of the described methods in the clinical praxis
Cross-modal plasticity in children with cochlear implant: converging evidence from EEG and functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Get PDFOver the first years of life, the brain undergoes substantial organization in response to environmental stimulation. In a silent world, it may promote vision by (i) recruiting resources from the auditory cortex and (ii) making the visual cortex more efficient. It is unclear when such changes occur and how adaptive they are, questions that children with cochlear implants can help address. Here, we examined 7-18 years old children: 50 had cochlear implants, with delayed or age-appropriate language abilities, and 25 had typical hearing and language. High-density electroencephalography and functional near-infrared spectroscopy were used to evaluate cortical responses to a low-level visual task. Evidence for a 'weaker visual cortex response' and 'less synchronized or less inhibitory activity of auditory association areas' in the implanted children with language delays suggests that cross-modal reorganization can be maladaptive and does not necessarily strengthen the dominant visual sense
Directionality analysis on functional magnetic resonance imaging during motor task using Granger Causality
Get PDFDirectionality analysis of signals originating from different parts of brain during motor tasks has gained a lot of interest. Since brain activity can be recorded over time, methods of time series analysis can be applied to medical time series as well. Granger Causality is a method to find a causal relationship between time series. Such causality can be referred to as a directional connection and is not necessarily bidirectional. The aim of this study is to differentiate between different motor tasks on the basis of activation maps and also to understand the nature of connections present between different parts of the brain. In this paper, three different motor tasks (finger tapping, simple finger sequencing, and complex finger sequencing) are analyzed. Time series for each task were extracted from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, which have a very good spatial resolution and can look into the sub-cortical regions of the brain. Activation maps based on fMRI images show that, in case of complex finger sequencing, most parts of the brain are active, unlike finger tapping during which only limited regions show activity. Directionality analysis on time series extracted from contralateral motor cortex (CMC), supplementary motor area (SMA), and cerebellum (CER) show bidirectional connections between these parts of the brain. In case of simple finger sequencing and complex finger sequencing, the strongest connections originate from SMA and CMC, while connections originating from CER in either direction are the weakest ones in magnitude during all paradigms
Extractive removal of astacryl blue BG and astacryl golden yellow dyes from aqueous solutions by liquid–liquid extraction
No full textSTUDIES OF SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND SUPPORTED LIQUID MEMBRANE WITH REACTIVE DYES FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS USING ALIQUOT 336 AS CARRIER
Get PDFThe liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and supported liquid membrane (SLM) studies of reactive dyes namely Gold Yellow (GYHE-R) and Reactive Green HE 4BD (RGHE-4BD) from aqueous solution using Aliquot 336 as the carrier has been investigated. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane with 0.5 μm pore size has been used after impregnated with Aliquot 336 in dichloromethane. In liquid liquid extraction the following parameters had been optimized; pH of feed, diluent, carrier , strip and dye concentration and the same parameters have been applied to supported liquid membrane (SLM) study to transport dye from aqueous solution.The main advantages SLM study is; the extraction and stripping as single stage process and low consumption of carrier in the membrane phase compared to the solvent extraction process. The other parameters such as transport time, stirring speed and mechanism of dye transport has also studied by SLM. The percentage of transport of dye and flux rate increases with increasing time. The stability of membrane is satisfactory over 5 days
Innovative Paradigms for Enhancing Healthcare Service Performance
No full textThe healthcare sector, defined in general as the industry that “... provides goods and services to treat patients with curative, preventive, rehabilitative or palliative care” (Taneja et al., 2017), has been under huge pressure in recent years: population ageing, financial constraints, wellbeing evolution, and so on (Lega et al., 2018; Grenier et al., 2019). Nevertheless, the Covid-19 pandemic has had an unimaginable impact on the global health system, highlighting even more sharply all the current and prospective difficulties of the healthcare industry (Berawi, 2020; Farooq, Ali, 2020; Muthuraman, Al Haziazi, 2020). In this regard, it should be mentioned that all the activities, services, and performances connected to healthcare have the characteristics of a long-term existence, because they are naturally connected to human health but at the same time they are constantly innovating (Schiavone, Simoni, 2019), because people’s expectations about health are continuously influenced by the evolution of the macro-environment (Schiavone et al., 2020b) and the demographic-social-cultural system in particular (a constant increase in average life expectancy, a common tendency to prolong specific habits, and a vast recourse to innovative products like nutraceuticals, for example). This combination has, over time, required the adoption of increasingly responsible and interdisciplinary perspectives (Lega et al., 2018)
Relation between post-movement-beta-synchronisation and corticomuscular coherence [Abstract]
Get PDFObjective: To analyse post-movement-beta-synchronisation in the EEG and EEG-EMG coherence simultaneously.
Background: The mechanisms and function of EEG synchronistion in the beta-band after the end of a short movement is not clear. The corticomusucular coupling during isometric muscle contractions occurs in the same beta-band. It is unclear however, if these two features of cortical motor physiology are related.
Methods: 64-channel EEG was measured simultaneously with surface EMG of the right FDI-muscle in 11 healthy volunteers. Subjects kept a constant medium strength contraction of the FDI-muscle during the entire experiment. Superimposed on this they performed repetitive self-paced brisk short contractions. Time-frequency analysis including coherence over time was performed with respect to the onset of the brisk movements and averaged for 40 contrcations in each subject.
Results: Post-movement-beta synchronisation (PMBS) was found in the contralateral electrodes C1, C3 and C5 with a maximum 1-2.5sec. after the brisk movements in the frequency range between 16 and 27 Hz for all the subjects. In 9 of the subjects there was coherence between the EEG recorded from these electrodes and the FDI in the same frequency range as the PMBS and with the maximum occuring at the same time. The other two subjects did not show any corticomuscular coherence.
Conclusions: Post-movement-beta-synchronisation coincides with corticomuscular coherence in the same frequency band. Thus PMBS is not merely a cortical phenomen but seems to involve the whole corticomuscular system, possibly reflecting recalibration after brisk movements
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