143 research outputs found
Glycoproteins as targets of autoantibodies in CNS inflammation: MOG and more
No full textB cells and antibodies constitute an important element in different inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Autoantibodies can serve as a biomarker to identify disease subgroups and may in addition contribute to the pathogenic process. One candidate autoantigen for multiple sclerosis (MS) is myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). MOG is localized at the outermost surface of myelin in the CNS and has been the focus of extensive research for more than 30 years. Its role as an important autoantigen for T cells and as a target of demyelinating autoantibodies has been established in several variants of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. The literature regarding antibodies to MOG in MS patients is confusing and contradictory. Recent studies, however, have described high levels of antibodies to conformationally correct MOG in pediatric acquired demyelination, both acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and MS. In adult MS, such antibodies are rarely found and then only at low levels. In this review, we summarize key findings from animal models and patient studies, discuss challenges in detecting anti-MOG antibodies in patients and present recent approaches to identifying new autoantigens in MS
Herpesvirus saimiri-transformed macaque T cells are tolerated and do not cause lymphoma after autologous reinfusion
No full textHuman T cells are transformed in vitro to stable growth after infection with herpesvirus saimiri subgroup C strain C488, and they retain their antigen-specific reactivity and other important functional features of mature activated T lymphocytes. The virus persists as nonintegrating episomes in human T cells under restricted viral gene expression and without production of virus particles. This study analyzes the behavior of herpesvirus-transformed autologous T cells after reinfusion into the donor under close-to-human experimental conditions. T cells of 5 macaque monkeys were transformed to stable interleukin-2 dependent growth and were intravenously infused into the respective donor. The animals remained healthy, without occurrence of lymphoma or leukemia for an observation period of more than 1 year. Over several months virus genomes were detectable in peripheral blood cells and in cultured T cells by polymerase chain reaction. In naive control animals, a high-dose intravenous infection rapidly induced pleomorphic peripheral T-cell lymphoma. In contrast, monkeys were protected from lymphoma after challenge infection if they had previously received autologous T-cell transfusions. High levels of antibodies against virus antigens were detectable after challenge infection only. Taken together, herpesvirus-transformed T cells are well tolerated after autologous reinfusion. This may allow us to develop a novel concept for adoptive T-cell mediated immunotherapy
Die Vermehrung Des Kartoffelnematoden Heterodera Rostochiensis Wollenweber Bei Verwendung Von Zysten Verschiedenen Alters Und Unterschiedlicher Vorbehandlung
No full textРазличия в интенсивности фотосинтеза, дыхания и траненирации между популяциями, растениями, листьями и секторами листьев кукурузы
No full textUntersuchungen zur sorten- und umweltbedingten Variation der Lentizellenanzahl von Kartoffelknollen
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