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Valutazione preliminare dell’antibioticoresistenza nel P.O. San Salvatore dell’Aquila
No full textINTRODUZIONE
La diffusione della resistenza agli antibiotici (AMR) è uno dei principali problemi di sanità pubblica, soprattutto
per l’impatto epidemiologico ed economico. Il Ministero della Salute ha pubblicato il Piano Nazionale
per il Contenimento della Resistenza Antimicrobica (PNCAR) 2017-2020, al fine di assicurare l’avvio ed il
mantenimento nel tempo di una strategia nazionale per il contrasto dell’AMR. In questa ottica è stato condotto
uno studio preliminare di sorveglianza basata sui dati di laboratorio, al fine di migliorare le conoscenze sulla
microepidemiologia locale focalizzando l’attenzione sui profili di antibiotico-resistenza dei germi emergenti.
MATERIALI E METODI
Sono stati analizzati gli isolamenti dei germi alert sul totale di campioni inviati al Laboratorio di Microbiologia
del P.O. San Salvatore di L’Aquila durante l’anno 2017. Sono stati esclusi dall’analisi gli isolati duplicati (stessa
specie, stesso paziente, stessa tipologia di campione, isolati a distanza ≤ 28 giorni).
RISULTATI
Dei 14,366 campioni inviati sono stati presi in considerazione 496 antibiogrammi. Il reparto che ha inoltrato il
maggior numero di richieste è stata la U.O.C. Malattie Infettive (2833). Il tipo di campione più rappresentato
è stato quello urinario (169), pari al 34.07%, seguito da tamponi della ferita (104) e sangue intero (101),
rispettivamente 20.97% e 20.36%. I germi isolati erano equamente distribuiti in Gram-positivi (248) e Gramnegativi (248). Il microrganismo più frequentemente isolato è stato lo S. aureus (n. 188) con il 37.90%, di questi
8 risultavano MRSA positivi (4.23% sul totale dei S. aureus isolati).
Il secondo germe più frequente era E. coli (118), pari al 23.79%, di cui 9 risultavano KPC positivi (7.63%). La
Klebsiella pneumoniae (65 isolamenti), era terzo per frequenza con il 13.10% ed una percentuale di KPC
positivi pari a 3.08% (n.2). Inoltre, sono stati isolati 4 Acinetobacter, tutti KPC positivi.
CONCLUSIONI
L’incremento della resistenza antimicrobica è una nuova sfida per i sistemi sanitari, in cui un ruolo
fondamentale dovrebbe essere svolto dalla presenza di un sistema di sorveglianza in grado di analizzare gli
andamenti temporali dei profili di resistenza.
Sebbene si tratti di una valutazione preliminare, cui dovrebbe far seguito l’analisi di trend temporali, questi
risultati evidenziano la necessità di una continua sorveglianza dell’AMR a livello locale, al fine di guidare la
pratica clinica e fornire uno strumento per promuovere un utilizzo più appropriato degli antibiotici
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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