240 research outputs found
Dizionari, glossari e lessici bilingui in prospettiva storica
No full textSono riuniti in questo numero di RILA – Rassegna Italiana di Linguistica Applicata (n. 3, 2020, anno LII) sette contributi relativi alla lessicografia bilingue in prospettiva storica che collocano al centro del proprio interesse testi relativi a varie lingue europee: francese, inglese, italiano, polacco e spagnolo. I saggi spaziano dal Rinascimento agli anni Novanta del secolo scorso, mettendo in luce alcuni aspetti particolarmente rilevanti delle strategie lessicografiche e lessicologiche impiegate dai compilatori delle opere oggetto di analisi – dizionari, lessici, liste di parole e glossari, inclusi anche all’interno di lavori grammaticografici – per scopi didattici o culturali. Emergono preziose informazioni attinenti alle relazioni tra i paesi e le civiltà le cui lingue sono messe a confronto, agli influssi fra diverse tradizioni lessicografiche, al mestiere o ruolo del lessicografo, che spesso si intreccia con quello di insegnante di lingue, ai destinatari, siano essi studenti, professionisti o studiosi interessati a entrare in contatto con nuove culture, e, infine, alle politiche editoriali
Mirrors for Princes: Paratexts and Politlcal Stance in Henry's Carey's Translations of Romulo and Il Tarquinio Superbo by Virgilio Malvezzi
No full textIn this chapter, Giovanni Iamartino and Alessandra Manzi study the translations of Virgilio Malvezzi’s Romulo and Il Tarquino Superbo by Henry Carey, Early of Monmouth. Through minute examination of the new paratextual framing of the translations, printed in one volume in 1637, the authors demonstrate how both Italian political treatises were refashioned to advance the specifically English royalist cause. The liminal material not only sheds light on Carey’s cultural and ideological positioning, but also on the role played by printers in the fashioning of the ‘two cultures’ pitting royalists against republicans in late Caroline England.
This chapter was jointly conceived, prepared, and written by the two co-authors, with Alessandra Manzi responsible for the ‘Introduction’ and ‘Malvezzi, Carey, and Moralised Roman History’, and Giovanni Iamartino for ‘The Paratexts of Romulusand Tarquin’ and the ‘Conclusion’
Translators as wordsmiths: lexical innovations in Harvey's De Motu Cordis in English
No full textThe chapter focuses on lexical innovations in the English translation of William Harvey's De Motu Cordis. Originally written in Latin for an international readership and published in 1628, Harvey's treatise was translated into English in 1653 for a new generation of scientists and doctors that were increasingly using the vernacular langugage for the promotion of experimental science. English scientific terminology in the 17th and 18th centuries was closely linked to the scientific discoveries of those days, and translators were instrumental in its development. The anonymous translator of the De Motu Cordis aimed at lexical accuracy, that is to say the reduction of polysemy, ambiguity and vagueness: he did not only use recent learned loanwords from foreign languages, but he was also ready to create neologisms
Translating behind bars: James Howell's alternative space for political action during the English Civil Wars
No full text
Lexicography, or the Gentle Art of Making Mistakes
No full textThe man in the street’s attitude of mind towards dictionaries is that they are the true repositories of all the words in a language, and that they are both authoritative and objective – in short, dictionaries are perfect. By mainly referring to the early history of English mono- and bilingual lexicography, this essay explodes the myth of the perfect dictionary and shows that mistakes in dictionaries may profitably be discussed under two headings: lexicographical mistakes, i.e. vague or circular definitions and the so-called ghost words in monolingual dictionaries, and non-insertable equivalents in bilingual dictionaries; and socio-cultural mistakes, which are related to the often elusive impact of ideology on dictionary-making
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